Table 1.  Summary of all recorded variables. Data are means (±SD).
Variables
Turning
Kick
(TKD)
Turning
Kick
(YMD)
High
Turning
Kick
(TKD)
High
Turning
Kick
(YMD)
  Estimated kicking force* (N)
6400(898)
6393(1382 )
5419(659)
5475(1293)
  Normalized ground force reaction of kicking foot (N·kg-1)
17.8(2.2 )
17.8(4.8)
19.2(2.9)
17.8(2.2)
  Maximum kicking foot velocity* (m·sec1)
17.66(1.67)
18.27(1.11)
16.45(.63)
17.18(.49)
  Hip’s range of motion (°)
155.4(8.6)
141(13)
162.7(13.1)
136(8)
  Hip’s angular velocity (°·sec-1)
693(115)
580(121)
708(30)
625(124)
  Knee’s flexion/extension angle (°)
63.4(8.5)
65.9(4.6)
62.1(10.2)
66.4(4.1)
  Knee’s angular velocity (°)
1586(181)
1625(140)
1640(219)
1607(188)
  Swing phase*† (sec)
.33(.03)
.40(.05)
.36(.02)
.44(.06)
  Recovery phase*† (sec)
.39(.06)
.46(.05)
.48(.04)
.52(.07)
  COM lateral (cm)
24.8(10.8)
30(15)
21.4(4.2)
34(.15)
  COM forward* (cm)
90.1(7.0)
67(8)
87.6(20.8)
72(14)
  COM vertical (cm)
23.8(2.7)
21(2)
26.3(4.6)
.25(2)
* and † denote p < 0.05 between the two heights and between the two styles respectively.