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JOURNAL
OF
SPORTS SCIENCE &
MEDICINE
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Research
article
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GENE RESPONSE OF THE GASTROCNEMIUS AND SOLEUS MUSCLES TO AN ACUTE AEROBIC RUN IN RATS |
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Michael J. McKenzie1  ,
Allan H. Goldfarb3 and David S. Kump2 |
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1Department of Human Performance and Sport Sciences, and 2Department of Life Sciences, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA 3Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA |
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© Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2011) 10, 385 - 392 |
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| ABSTRACT | |||
| Genes can be activated or inhibited by signals within the tissues
in response to an acute bout of exercise. It is unclear how a particular
aerobic exercise bout may influence two muscles with similar actions to
the activity. Therefore, the purposes of this investigation was to determine
the gene response of selected genes involved in the "stress" response
of the gastrocnemius (fast-twitch) and soleus (slow-twitch) muscles to a
single two hour aerobic exercise bout in female Sprague-Dawley Rats at the
1 hour time point after the exercise. Exercised rats were run (n=8) for
2 hours at 20 m.min-1 and one hour after the completion of the
bout had their soleus (S) and gastrocnemius (G) muscles removed. Age and
timed matched sedentary control rats had both S and G muscles removed also.
RNA was isolated from all muscles. Real-time PCR analysis was performed
on the following genes: NFκB, TNFα, and Atf3. GAPDH was used as the housekeeping
gene for both muscles. S muscle showed more genes altered (n = 52) vs G
(n = 26). NFκB gene expression was 0.83 ± 0.14 in the exercised S but was
+ 1.36 ± 0.58 in the exercised G and was not significantly different between
the muscles. TNFα was altered 1.30 ± 0. 34 in the exercised S and 1.36 ±
0.71 in the exercised G and was not significantly different between the
muscles. The gene Atf3 was significantly altered at 4.97 ± 1.01 in the exercised
S, while it was not significantly altered in the exercised G (0.70 ± 0.55).
This study demonstrates that an acute bout of aerobic exercise can alter
gene expression to a different extent in both the S and G muscles. It is
highly likely that muscle recruitment was a factor which influenced the
gene expression in theses muscles. It is interesting to note that some genes
were similarly activated in these two muscles but other genes may demonstrate
a varied response to the same exercise bout depending on the type of muscle. Key words: Aerobic exercise, skeletal muscle, gene response. |
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