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JOURNAL
OF
SPORTS SCIENCE &
MEDICINE
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Research
article
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EFFECTS OF MUSIC INTERVENTIONS ON EMOTIONAL STATES AND RUNNING PERFORMANCE |
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Andrew M. Lane  ,
Paul A. Davis and Tracey J. Devonport |
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School of Sport, Performing Arts and Leisure, University of Wolverhampton, UK |
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© Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2011) 10, 400 - 407 |
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| ABSTRACT | |||
| The present study compared the effects of two different music
interventions on changes in emotional states before and during running,
and also explored effects of music interventions upon performance outcome.
Volunteer participants (n = 65) who regularly listened to music when running
registered online to participate in a three-stage study. Participants attempted
to attain a personally important running goal to establish baseline performance.
Thereafter, participants were randomly assigned to either a self-selected
music group or an Audiofuel music group. Audiofuel produce pieces of music
designed to assist synchronous running. The self-selected music group followed
guidelines for selecting motivating playlists. In both experimental groups,
participants used the Brunel Music Rating Inventory-2 (BMRI-2) to facilitate
selection of motivational music. Participants again completed the BMRI-2
post- intervention to assess the motivational qualities of Audiofuel music
or the music they selected for use during the study. Results revealed no
significant differences between self-selected music and Audiofuel music
on all variables analyzed. Participants in both music groups reported increased
pleasant emotions and decreased unpleasant emotions following intervention.
Significant performance improvements were demonstrated post-intervention
with participants reporting a belief that emotional states related to performance.
Further analysis indicated that enhanced performance was significantly greater
among participants reporting music to be motivational as indicated by high
scores on the BMRI-2. Findings suggest that both individual athletes and
practitioners should consider using the BMRI-2 when selecting music for
running. Key words: Psychological skills, affect, mood, endurance, performance, meta-emotional beliefs. |
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