Table 2.  Changes in cognitive function and metabolic risk factors. (age and education adjusted). Data are means (±SD).
 

Exercise (n=26)

Control (n=12)

P-value*

Baseline

Post

Baseline

Post

CERAD-K  Verbal Fluency

13.46 (3.56)

14.96 (3.50)

11.66 (3.98)

11.67 (3.39)

.048

Boston naming test

11.61 (2.15)

12.27 (2.29)

10.25 (2.95)

10.75 (3.25)

.262

MMSE-KC

26.42 (2.10)

27.62 (1.75)

25.66 (2.77)

26.00 (2.83)

.214

Word list learning

18.50 (4.10)

20.25 (4.69)

15.50 (5.10)

17.00 (4.61)

.095

Constructional praxis

9.38 (1.57)

10.38 (.94)

9.75 (1.05)

10.08 (1.24)

.414

Word list recall

6.26 (1.90)

7.76 (1.83)

5.08 (1.78)

5.58 (2.57)

.038

Word list recognition

9.19 (1.13)

9.62 (.75)

8.41 (1.62)

8.58 (1.88)

.007

Constructional recall

6.73 (2.79)

7.50 (3.26)

5.08 (2.19)

5.33 (2.53)

.189

Trail making A

144.34 (125.08)

71.61 (30.84)

120.40 (80.38)

94.51 (68.35)

.798

Trail making B

239.54 (87.63)

218.03 (82.24)

266.16 (65.71)

252.67 (74.86)

.372

Total score

68.42 (9.75)

75.25 (9.23)

60.66 (13.25)

63.66 (12.58)

.037

BMI (kg·m-2)

25.71 (2.87)

25.55 (2.95)

25.90 (2.38)

25.15 (2.19)

.156

WC (cm)

94.43 (6.22)

90.27 (6.13)

92.95 (5.05)

88.28 (2.01)

.703

Triglyceride (mg·dl-1)

126.76 (54.41)

120.21 (45.68)

134.90 (50.0)

124.78 (40.54)

.564

Glucose (mg·dl-1)

102.00 (10.86)

110.17 (13.89)

96.55 (6.71)

107.00 (6.00)

.530

HDL cholesterol (mg·dl-1)

53.38 (14.20)

53.29 (14.19)

44.08 (7.57)

46.11 (7.74)

.458

SBP (mmHg)

131.92 (11.73)

123.41 (10.83)

133.41 (7.68)

130.71 (8.61)

.559

DBP (mmHg)

80.11 (6.95)

74.00 (8.04)

80.91 (5.83)

80.15 (6.93)

.794

SGDS-K

3.88 (3.53)

3.39 (3.05)

5.16 (4.04)

5.00 (2.00)

.341

Statistical significance was tested using repeated measures analysis of covariance.*P values correspond to between-group comparisons for the change over time for each variable.BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; TG: triglycerides; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; CERAD-K: Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s disease- Korean version; MMSE-KC: Mini-Mental State Examination-Korean version; SGDS-K: Short Geriatric Depression Scale-Korean version.