REFERENCES

American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). (1991) ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription. 4th edition Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. 5-10.

Adiputra, N., Alex, P., Sutjana, D.P., Tirtayasa, K. and Manuaba, A. (1996) Balinese dance exercises improve the maximum aerobic capacity. Journal of Human Ergology (Tokyo) 25, 25-29.

Adlard, P.A., Perreau, V.M., Pop, V. and Cotman, C.W. (2005) Voluntary exercise decreases amyloid load in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Neuroscience 25, 4217-4221.

Alpert, P.T., Miller, S.K., Wallmann, H., Havey, R., Cross, C., Chevalia, T., Gillis, C.B. and Kodandapari, K. (2009) The effect of modified jazz dance on balance, cognition, and mood in older adults. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners 21, 108-115.

Angevaren, M., Aufdemkampe, G., Verhaar, H.J., Aleman, A. and Vanhees, L. (2008) Physical activity and enhanced fitness to improve cognitive function in older people without known cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews 16(3), CD005381.

Bae, J.N. and Cho, M.J. (2004) Development of the Korean version of the Geriatric Depression Scale and its short form among elderly psychiatric patients. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 57, 297-305.

Baker, L.D., Frank, L.L., Foster-Schubert, K., Green, P.S., Wilkinson, C.W., McTiernan, A., Plymate, S.R., Fishel, M.A., Watson, G.S., Cholerton, B.A., Duncan, G.E., Mehta, P.D. and Craft, S. (2010) Effects of aerobic exercise on mild cognitive impairment: a controlled trial. Archives Neurology 67, 71-79.

Brown, S., Martinez, M. and Parsons, L. (2006) The neural basis of human dance. Cerebral Cortex 16, 1157–1167.

Chandler, M.J., Lacritz, L.H., Hynan, L.S., Barnard, H.D., Allen, G., Deschner, M., Weiner, M.F. and Cullum, C.M. (2005) A total score for the CERAD neuropsychological battery. Neurology 65, 102-106.

Cipolli, C., Neri, M., De Vreese, L.P., Pinelli, M., Rubichi, S. and Lalla, M. (1996) The influence of depression on memory and metamemory in the elderly. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 23, 111-127.

Colcombe, S. and Kramer, A.F. (2003). Fitness effects on the cognitive function of older adults: a meta-analytic study. Psychological Science 14, 125-130.

Colcombe, S.J., Erickson, K.I., Raz, N., Webb, A.G., Cohen, N.J., McAuley, E. and Kramer, A.F. (2003) Aerobic fitness reduces brain tissue loss in aging humans. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 58, 176-180.

Cross, E.S., Kraemer, D.J., Hamilton, A.F., Kelley, W.M. and Grafton, S.T. (2009) Sensitivity of the Action Observation Network to Physical and Observational Learning. Cerebral Cortex 19, 315-326.

Crotts, D., Thompson, B., Nahom, M., Ryan, S. and Newton, R.A. (1996) Balance abilities of professional dancers on select balance tests. The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical therapy 23, 12-17.

Emery, C.F., Hsiao, E.T., Hill, S.M. and Frid, D.J. (2003) Short-term effects of exercise and music on cognitive performance among participants in a cardiac rehabilitation program. Heart & Lung 32, 368-373.

Emery, C.F., Schein, R.L., Hauck, E.R. and MacIntyre, N.R. (1998) Psychological and cognitive outcomes of a randomized trial of exercise among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Health Psychology 17, 232-240.

Gillett, P.A. and Eisenman, P.A. (1987) The effect of intensity controlled aerobic dance exercise on aerobic capacity of middle-aged, overweight women. Research in Nursing & Health 10, 383-390.

Grundy, S.M., Cleeman, J.I., Daniels, S.R., Donato, K.A., Eckel, R.H., Franklin, B.A., Gordon, D.J., Krauss, R.M., Savage, P.J., Smith, S.C., Jr., Spertus, J.A. and Costa, F. (2005) Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation 112, 2735-2752.

Hokkanen, L., Rantala, L., Remes, A.M., Harkonen, B., Viramo, P. and Winblad, I. (2008) Dance and movement therapeutic methods in management of dementia: a randomized, controlled study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 56, 771-772.

Hui, E., Chui, B.T. and Woo, J. (2009) Effects of dance on physical and psychological well-being in older persons. Archive Gerontology and Geriatrics 49, e45-50.

Jeon, M.Y., Bark, E.S., Lee, E.G., Im, J.S., Jeong, B.S. and Choe, E.S. (2005) The effects of a Korean traditional dance movement program in elderly women. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi 35, 1268-1276. (In Korean, English abstract)

Kalmijn, S., Foley, D., White, L., Burchfiel, C.M., Curb, J.D., Petrovitch, H., Ross, G.W., Havlik, R.J. and Launer, L.J. (2000) Metabolic cardiovascular syndrome and risk of dementia in Japanese-American elderly men. The Honolulu-Asia aging study. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 20, 2255-2260.

Karvonen, M.J., Kentala, E. and Mustala, O. (1957) The effects of training on heart rate; a longitudinal study. Annales Medicinae Experimentalis et Biologiae Fenniae 35, 307-315.

Kattenstroth, J.C., Kolankowska, I., Kalisch, T. and Dinse, H.R. (2010) Superior sensory, motor, and cognitive performance in elderly individuals with multi-year dancing activities. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 21 (2), 31.

Kim, C.G., June, K.J. and Song, R. (2003) Effects of a health-promotion program on cardiovascular risk factors, health behaviors, and life satisfaction in institutionalized elderly women. International Journal of Nursing Studies 40, 375-381.

Komulainen, P., Lakka, T.A., Kivipelto, M., Hassinen, M., Helkala, E.L., Haapala, I., Nissinen, A. and Rauramaa, R. (2007) Metabolic syndrome and cognitive function: a population-based follow-up study in elderly women. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 23, 29-34.

Kramer, A.F., Hahn, S., Cohen, N.J., Banich, M.T., McAuley, E., Harrison, C.R., Chason, J., Vakil, E., Bardell, L., Boileau, R.A. and Colcombe, A. (1999) Ageing, fitness and neurocognitive function. Nature 400, 418-419.

Kreutz, G. (2008) Does partnered dance promote health? The case of tango Argentino. Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health 128, 79-84.

Lam, L.C., Tam, C.W., Lui, V.W., Chan, W.C., Chan, S.S., Chiu, H.F., Wong, A., Tham, M.K., Ho, K.S. and Chan, W.M. (2009) Modality of physical exercise and cognitive function in Hong Kong older Chinese community. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 24, 48-53.

Laurin, D., Verreault, R., Lindsay, J., MacPherson, K. and Rockwood, K. (2001) Physical activity and risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in elderly persons. Archives of Neurology 58, 498-504.

Lautenschlager, N.T., Cox, K.L., Flicker, L., Foster, J.K., van Bockxmeer, F.M., Xiao, J., Greenop, K.R. and Almeida, O.P. (2008) Effect of physical activity on cognitive function in older adults at risk for Alzheimer disease: a randomized trial. JAMA 300, 1027-1037.

Lee, J.H., Lee, K.U., Lee, D.Y., Kim, K.W., Jhoo, J.H., Kim, J.H., Lee, K.H., Kim, S.Y., Han, S.H. and Woo, J.I. (2002) Development of the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Packet (CERAD-K): clinical and neuropsychological assessment batteries. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences 57, 47-53.

Lee, S.Y., Park, H.S., Kim, D.J., Han, J.H., Kim, S.M., Cho, G.J., Kim, D.Y., Kwon, H.S., Kim, S.R., Lee, C.B., Oh, S.J., Park, C.Y. and Yoo, H.J. (2007) Appropriate waist circumference cutoff points for central obesity in Korean adults. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 75, 72-80.

Murrock, C.J. and Gary, F.A. (2010) Culturally specific dance to reduce obesity in African American women. Health Promotion Practice 11, 465-473.

Murrock, C.J., Higgins, P.A. and Killion, C. (2009) Dance and peer support to improve diabetes outcomes in African American women. The Diabetes Educator 35, 995-1003.

Palo-Bengtsson, L. and Ekman, S.L. (2002) Emotional response to social dancing and walks in persons with dementia. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias 17, 149-153.

Quaney, B.M., Boyd, L.A., McDowd, J.M., Zahner, L.H., He, J., Mayo, M.S., Macko, R.F. (2009) Aerobic exercise improves cognition and motor function poststroke. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 23, 879-885.

Reynolds, K. and He, J. (2005) Epidemiology of the metabolic syndrome. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences 330, 273-279.

Sekiguchi A. and Kawashima R. (2007) Cognitive rehabilitation--the learning therapy for the senile dementia. Brain and Nerve. 59, 357-65.

Seo, E.H., Lee, D.Y., Lee, J.H., Choo, I.H., Kim, J.W., Kim, S.G., Park, S.Y., Shin, J.H., Do, Y.J., Yoon, J.C., Jhoo, J.H., Kim, K.W. and Woo, J.I. (2010) Total scores of the CERAD neuropsychological assessment battery: validation for mild cognitive impairment and dementia patients with diverse etiologies. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 18, 801-809.

Seo, I.P., Kim, E.K., Kim, K.R. and Kim, K.J. (2004) A study on exercise intensity and energy consumption in dancesport, walking, fast walking, and jogging. The Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition 8, 185-190.

Shigematsu, R., Chang, M., Yabushita, N., Sakai, T., Nakagaichi, M., Nho, H. and Tanaka, K. (2002) Dance-based aerobic exercise may improve indices of falling risk in older women. Age and Ageing 31, 261-266.

Shimamoto, H., Adachi, Y., Takahashi, M. and Tanaka, K. (1998) Low impact aerobic dance as a useful exercise mode for reducing body mass in mildly obese middle-aged women. Applied Human Science 17, 109-114.

Shin, M.K. (2009) Effects of an exercise program on frontal lobe cognitive function in elders. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 39, 107-115.

Sofianidis, G., Hatzitaki, V., Douka, S. and Grouios, G. (2009) Effect of a 10-week traditional dance program on static and dynamic balance control in elderly adults. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 17, 167-180.

Solfrizzi, V., Scafato, E., Capurso, C., D'Introno, A., Colacicco, A.M., Frisardi, V., Vendemiale, G., Baldereschi, M., Crepaldi, G., Di Carlo, A., Galluzzo, L., Gandin, C., Inzitari, D., Maggi, S., Capurso, A. and Panza, F. (2009) Metabolic syndrome, mild cognitive impairment, and progression to dementia. The Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Neurobiology of Aging 32, 1932-1941.

Stummer, W., Weber, K., Tranmer, B., Baethmann, A. and Kempski, O. (1994) Reduced mortality and brain damage after locomotor activity in gerbil forebrain ischemia. Stroke 25, 1862-1869.

The National Statistical Office. (2009) Statistics on the elderly in Korea. Avaialable from URL http://kostat.go.kr/portal/english/ news/1/1/index.board?bmode=read&aSeq=67373

Verghese, J., Lipton, R.B., Katz, M.J., Hall, C.B., Derby, C.A., Kuslansky, G., Ambrose, A.F., Sliwinski, M. and Buschke, H. (2003) Leisure activities and the risk of dementia in the elderly. The New England Journal of Medicine 348, 2508-2516.

Whitmer, R.A., Sidney, S., Selby, J., Johnston, S.C. and Yaffe, K. (2005) Midlife cardiovascular risk factors and risk of dementia in late life. Neurology 64, 277-281.

Yaffe, K. (2007) Metabolic syndrome and cognitive disorders: is the sum greater than its parts? Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders 21, 167-171.

Yaffe, K., Kanaya, A., Lindquist, K., Simonsick, E.M., Harris, T., Shorr, R.I., Tylavsky, F.A. and Newman, A.B. (2004) The metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and risk of cognitive decline. JAMA 292, 2237-2242.