Table 3.  Fluid deficit while subjects drank water with different temperatures.

Fluid deficit (ml)

5°C trial

16°C trial

26°C trial

58°C trial

Minimum

1270

1090

1360

1450

Maximum

1750

1570

1840

1940

Mean

1543 *

1382 *

1648 *

1748 *

SD

188

199

202

200

Voluntary intake was statistically less than sweat loss (equaling the fluid deficit) and the difference was highly significant (p < 0.01). Fluid deficit was statistically different in trials of different temperatures (p < 0.01)