| Protein
intake that exceeds the recommended daily allowance is widely accepted
for both endurance and power athletes. However, considering the variety
of proteins that are available much less is known concerning the benefits
of consuming one protein versus another. The purpose of this paper
is to identify and analyze key factors in order to make responsible
recommendations to both the general and athletic populations. Evaluation
of a protein is fundamental in determining its appropriateness in
the human diet. Proteins that are of inferior content and digestibility
are important to recognize and restrict or limit in the diet. Similarly,
such knowledge will provide an ability to identify proteins that provide
the greatest benefit and should be consumed. The various techniques
utilized to rate protein will be discussed. Traditionally, sources
of dietary protein are seen as either being of animal or vegetable
origin. Animal sources provide a complete source of protein (i.e.
containing all essential amino acids), whereas vegetable sources generally
lack one or more of the essential amino acids. Animal sources of dietary
protein, despite providing a complete protein and numerous vitamins
and minerals, have some health professionals concerned about the amount
of saturated fat common in these foods compared to vegetable sources.
The advent of processing techniques has shifted some of this attention
and ignited the sports supplement marketplace with derivative products
such as whey, casein and soy. Individually, these products vary in
quality and applicability to certain populations. The benefits that
these particular proteins possess are discussed. In addition, the
impact that elevated protein consumption has on health and safety
issues (i.e. bone health, renal function) are also reviewed.
KEY
WORDS: Sport supplementation, ergogenic aid, animal protein,
vegetable protein.
|
