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ALTERATION OF IMMUNE FUNCTION
IN WOMEN COLLEGIATE SOCCER PLAYERS AND COLLEGE STUDENTS
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Praveen Putlur1, Carl Foster1, Jennifer A. Miskowski2, Melissa K.
Kane1, Sara E. Burton1, Timothy P. Scheett3 and Michael R. McGuigan4
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1Department of Exercise and Sports Science, University of Wisconsin-La
Crosse, La Crosse, WI, USA
2Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La
Crosse, WI, USA
3Laboratory for Exercise Biochemistry, The University of Southern
Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS USA
4School of Biomedical and Sport Science, Edith Cowan University,
Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| Received |
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13 August 2004 |
| Accepted |
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06
October 2004 |
| Published |
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01
Decemer 2004 |
©
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2004) 3, 234-243
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| ABSTRACT |
| The
purpose of this study was to monitor the stress-induced alteration
in concentrations of salivary immunoglobulin (S-IgA) and cortisol
and the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) over
the course of a 9-week competitive season in college student-athletes
and college students. The subjects consisted of 14 NCAA Division III
collegiate female soccer athletes (19.8 ± 1.0 years, mean ± SD) and
14 female college students (22.5 ± 2.6 years). Salivary samples were
collected for 9 weeks during a competitive soccer season. S-IgA and
cortisol concentrations were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA). A training and performance questionnaire was given
to the subjects every week, to record the subjects' session rating
of perceived exertion (RPE) for all the training, load, monotony and
strain, as well as any injuries or illnesses experienced. The between
groups ANOVA procedure for repeated measures showed no changes in
salivary concentrations of IgA and cortisol. Chi-square analysis showed
that during the 9-week training season injury and illness occurred
at a higher rate among the soccer players. There was a significant
difference at baseline between soccer and control S-IgA levels (p≤0.05).
Decreased levels of S-IgA and increases in the indices of training
(load, strain and monotony) were associated with an increase in the
incidence of illness during the 9-week competitive soccer season.
KEY
WORDS: Training, football, endocrine, illness.
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