| Table 4. Changes in body composition measures over the course of the study. Data are means (ąSD). |
 |
|||||
|
Variables |
Groups |
Pre-test |
4 Week |
8 Week |
|
|
|||||
|
Body |
Stimulation |
Males |
88.1 (7.0) |
88.1 (7.4) |
87.6 (7.8) |
|
Weight (kg) |
Females |
69.3 (7.0) |
69.5 (6.3) |
67.0 (6.6) |
|
|
Overall |
78.7 (11.8) |
78.8 (11.7) |
78.3 (11.9) |
||
|
Control |
Males |
83.0 (8.6) |
83.7 (8.6) |
84.0 (8.9) |
|
|
Females |
67.1 (6.5) |
67.1 (6.3) |
66.6 (6.0) |
||
|
Overall |
75.0 (11.0) |
75.4 (11.3) |
75.3 (11.6) |
||
|
|||||
|
Body Mass |
Stimulation |
Males |
28.1 (2.1) |
28.1 (2.3) |
27.9 (2.4) |
|
Index |
Females |
25.6 (2.7) |
26.0 (2.5) |
25.9 (2.6) |
|
|
Overall |
27.0 (2.6) |
27.0 (2.6) |
26.9 (2.7) |
||
|
Control |
Males |
26.5 (2.6) |
26.7 (2.5) |
26.8 (2.6) |
|
|
Females |
25.3 (2.9) |
25.3 (2.9) |
25.1 (2.9) |
||
|
Overall |
25.9 (2.8) |
26.0 (2.7) |
26.0 (2.8) |
||
|
|||||
|
Umbilical |
Stimulation |
Males |
29.0 (4.1) |
28.9 (4.1) |
30.0 (3.7) |
|
Skinfold(mm) |
Females |
22.1 (5.0) |
22.2 (5.5) |
22.9 (5.1) |
|
|
Overall |
25.6 (5.7) |
25.6 (5.8) |
26.4 (5.7) |
||
|
Control |
Males |
28.6 (7.3) |
29.3 (7.1) |
28.9 (6.9) |
|
|
Females |
22.3 (6.2) |
22.5 (5.3) |
21.7 (5.7) |
||
|
Overall |
25.4 (7.3) |
25.9 (7.0 |
25.3 (7.1) |
||
|
|||||
|
Suprailiac |
Stimulation |
Males |
15.4 (3.4) |
14.4 (3.3) |
15.0 (3.4) |
|
Skinfold |
Females |
15.8 (5.0) |
14.9 (5.0) |
15.0 (5.4) |
|
|
(mm) |
Overall |
15.6 (4.2) |
14.7 (4.2) |
15.0 (4.4) |
|
|
Control |
Males |
14.9 (3.4) |
14.0 (4.7) |
15.0 (3.4) |
|
|
Females |
15.1 (4.8) |
15.5 (4.4) |
15.4 (3.7) |
||
|
Overall |
15.0 (4.3) |
14.8 (4.4) |
15.2 (4.0) |
||
|
|||||
|
Abdominal |
Stimulation |
Males |
96.6 (4.6) |
96.3 (5.3) |
94.1 (6.0) *# |
|
Circumference |
Females |
82.4 (6.3) |
82.3 (5.3) |
79.6 (5.4) *# |
|
|
(cm) |
Overall |
89.5 (9.0) |
89.3 (8.9) |
86.9 (9.3) *# |
|
|
Control |
Males |
91.8 (6.7) |
91.7 (7.4) |
91.9 (6.9) |
|
|
Females |
81.6 (6.4) |
81.5 (8.0) |
81.0 (7.3) |
||
|
Overall |
86.7 (8.2) |
86.6 (9.1) |
86.4 (8.9) |
||
|
|||||
|
Waist |
Stimulation |
Males |
101.2 (4.2) |
99.8 (5.0) |
97.9 (5.5) *# |
|
Circumference |
Females |
92.2 (5.9) |
90.1 (6.4) * |
88.4 (7.7) *# |
|
|
(cm) |
Overall |
96.7 (6.8) |
94.9 (7.5) *# |
93.1 (8.1) *# |
|
|
Control |
Males |
94.8 (6.7) |
94.9 (7.4) |
94.8 (7.1) |
|
|
Females |
86.5 (7.8) |
86.3 (8.2) |
86.0 (7.0) |
||
|
Overall |
90.7 (8.2) |
90.6 (8.8) |
90.4 (8.2) |
||
|
|||||
|
Front-to-Back |
Stimulation |
Males |
25.8 (1.4) |
24.8 (1.7) |
24.3 (2.1) * |
|
Anthropometry |
Females |
23.1 (2.1) |
22.4 (2.2) |
22.0 (2.6) |
|
|
(cm) |
Overall |
24.5 (2.2) |
23.6 (2.3) * |
22.0 (2.6) |
|
|
Control |
Males |
24.3 (2.9) |
23.8 (3.0) |
23.9 (2.6) |
|
|
Females |
23.0 (2.8) |
21.3 (2.6) |
21.3 (2.3) |
||
|
Overall |
23.0 (2.8) |
22.6 (3.0) |
22.6 (2.7) |
||
|
|||||
|
*
Significantly different than Pre-test (p < 0.05). |