Table 2. Cardiac structure in athletes and controls. Data are means (±SD).
 
Basketball players
(n=12)
Soccer players
(n=20)
Controls
(n=12)
LVIDd (mm)
58 (5) **,†††
52 (4) †
48 (4)
LVIDd·BSA-1/2 (mm·m-1)
38 (3) †
38 (3) †
35 (2)
LVPWTd (mm)
10 (2) †
10 (1) ††
9 (1)
LVPWTd·BSA-1/2 (mm·m-1)
7 (1) *
8 (1) ††
6 (1)
IVSTd (mm)
11 (2) ††
11 (2) †
9 (2)
IVSTd·BSA-1/2 (mm·m-1)
7 (1)
8 (1) †
6 (1)
LVM (g)
304 (68) †††
261 (52) †††
175 (43)
LVMI (g·m-2)
132 (25) †††
137 (24) †††
94 (17)
LVM·BSA-3/2 (g·m-3)
87 (16) †
99 (17) †††
69 (11)
RWTd
.35 (.07)
.40 (.06)
.36 (.06)
* p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 compared with soccer players.
† p < 0.05, †† p < 0.01 and ††† p < 0.001 compared with controls.
LVIDd = left ventricular internal end-diastolic dimension, IVSTd = interventricular septum diastolic thickness, PWTd = posterior wall diastolic thickness, LVM = left ventricular mass, LVMI = left ventricular mass index and RWTd = relative end-diastolic wall thickness.