| The purpose of this research was to identify the jump kinetic
determinants of sprint acceleration performance from a block start.
Ten male (mean ± SD: age 20 ± 3 years; height 1.82 ±
0.06 m; weight 76.7 ± 7.9 kg; 100 m personal best: 10.87 +
0.36 s {10.37 - 11.42}) track sprinters at a national and regional
competitive level performed 10 m sprints from a block start. Anthropometric
dimensions along with squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ),
continuous straight legged jump (SLJ), single leg hop for distance,
and single leg triple hop for distance measures of power were also
tested. Stepwise multiple regression analysis identified CMJ average
power (W/kg) as a predictor of 10 m sprint performance from a block
start (r = 0.79, r2 = 0.63, p<0.01, SEE = 0.04 (s),
%SEE = 2.0). Pearson correlation analysis revealed CMJ force and power
(r = -0.70 to -0.79; p = 0.011 - 0.035) and SJ power (r = -0.72 to
-0.73; p = 0.026 - 0.028) generating capabilities to be strongly related
to sprint performance. Further linear regression analysis predicted
an increase in CMJ average and peak take-off power of 1 W/kg (3% &
1.5% respectively) to both result in a decrease of 0.01 s (0.5%) in
10 m sprint performance. Further, an increase in SJ average and peak
take-off power of 1 W/kg (3.5% & 1.5% respectively) was predicted
to result in a 0.01 s (0.5%) reduction in 10 m sprint time. The results
of this study seem to suggest that the ability to generate power both
elastically during a CMJ and concentrically during a SJ to be good
indicators of predicting sprint performance over 10 m from a block
start.
KEY
WORDS: Anthropometry, horizontal jumps, sprint performance,
vertical jumps.
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