Table 1.  Prevalence of dietary supplement use in young athletes.

Author, year

N

Age (yrs)

Prevalence

3 Most Common Supplements (%)

Sobal and Marquart, 1994

742

High School
students

38%

Vitamin C (25)
Mulivitamins (19)
Iron (11)

Kim and Keen, 1999

1,355

16-19

35.8%

Vitamin C (41.2)
Multivitamins (27)
Calcium (10.7)

O’Dea, 2003

78

11-18

n/a

Sports drinks (56.4)
Vitamin/minerals (48.7)
Energy drinks (42.3)

Ziegler et al., 2003

105

16

71%

Multivitamin/mineral (M-61, F 83)
Herbals (M-44, F-48)
Multivitamin only ( F-42)
Protein bars (M-38)

Bell et al., 2004

333

13-19

n/a

Multivitamin/minerals (42.5)
Protein (13.5)
Energizers (6)

Nieper, 2005

32

18

62%

Multivitamins (45)
Vitamin C (35)
Iron (30)

Scofield and Unruh, 2006

139

14-19

22.3%

Meal replacement protein (23.7)
Vitamin-minerals (19.4)
Creatine (16)