Table 1.  Outcomes, body composition. Values are mean (±SD), or median (range) for non-normally distributed data.
 
KF† Group
Control Group
 
 
Time
effect
Group x time interaction

Characteristic

Baseline
n=12
Follow-up
n=11
Baseline
n=8
Follow-up
n=8
Mean difference (95% CI‡)
ESg
p
p

Body weight (kg)

84.9(24.2)
87.2 (25.4)
90.5 (25.7)
93.6 (25.5)
-.82
(-25.10–23.46)
-.03
.0003*
.53

Height (m)

1.61 (.09)
1.63 (.08)
1.62 (1.20)
164.1 (11.4)
-1.51
(-11.55–8.52)
-.14
<.0001*
.75

BMI║(kg.m-2)

32.1 (6.7)
32.7 (7.8)
34.0 (7.0)
34.2 (7.2)
.34 (-6.33–7.01)
.05
.12
.37

BMI percentile

98.3
(86.5–99.8)
98.4
(86.3–99.8)
99.0
(88.1–99.6)
98.9
(85.2–99.6)
-.36
(-4.31–3.59)
-.09
.19
.81

Waist
circumference (cm)

99.1 (17.9)
100.2 (19.3)
106.5 (16.7)
103.6 (17.1)
4.02
(-13.06–21.10)
.22
.46
<.05*

Percent BFΆ

44.6 (6.6)
43.1 (7.6)
47.7 (5.3)
47.4 (5.6)
-1.24
(-7.25–4.78)
-.19
.30
.54

Fat mass (kg)

37.5 (15.0)
37.4 (15.7)
42.9 (15.4)
44.2 (15.6)
-1.38
(-16.22–13.47)
-.09
.07
.95

Android fat (kg)

2906
(1414–6285)
3113
(1107–6144)
4203
(1434–5213)
4278
(1462–5681)
-.20
(-1.71–1.31)
-.14
.36
.54

Percent LBM††

53.4 (6.1)
54.8 (7.0)
50.8 (5.0)
51.0 (5.2)
1.14
(-4.45–6.74)
.19
.31
.50

Total LBM (kg)

44.5 (9.8)
46.8 (10.5)
45.0 (10.3)
46.8 (10.2)
.54
(-9.25 – 10.32)
.05
<.0001*
.23

Arms LBM (kg)

4.9 (1.2)
5.4 (1.7)
5.1 (1.4)
5.3 (1.3)
.28
(-.95–1.50)
.21
.003*
.20

Legs LBM (kg)

15.1 (2.9)
15.8 (2.8)
15.1 (3.6)
15.5 (3.4)
.22
(-2.92–3.35)
.06
.002*
.25

Total BMD‡‡
(g.cm-2)

1.11 (.16)
1.14 (.16)
1.09 (.14)
1.11 (.14)
.0
(-.14 –.15)
.02
<.0001*
.83

Femoral neck BMD (g.cm-2)

1.09 (.23)
1.10 (.20)
1.01 (.20)
1.05 (.19)
-.04
(-.25–.18)
-.15
.11
.10

L2-L4 BMD
(g.cm-2)

1.01 (.7–1.4)
1.08 (.7–1.4)
.99 (.80–1.30)
1.06 (.9–1.4)
-.04
(-.25 –.18)
-.17
.001*
.16
P values were generated between treatment groups from independent t-tests for continuous data, and chi square tests for categorical data. *p value <0.05 denotes statistical significance; †Kung Fu; ‡95% confidence interval; §Hedge’s bias corrected effect size; ║body mass index; Άtotal body fat; ††lean body mass; ‡‡bone mineral density