Appendix

The numerical simulation techniques methodology consists of a mathematical model applied to the fluid flow in a given domain that replaces the complex Navier-Stokes fluid flow equations with discretized algebraic expressions. These equations can be solved by iterative calculations. The Fluent® code was used to develop and solve these equations using the finite volume approach, where the equations are integrated over each control volume. Accordingly, the continuity equation, the momentum conservation equations and the turbulent and dissipated energy (k-ε) conservation equations (for an incompressible fluid in Cartesian coordinates) were written in a conservative form as:
div.V = 0	(2)
	(4)
	(5)
	(6)
Where k is the turbulent kinetic energy and ε is the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation ratio. Vx, Vy and Vz represent the x, y and z components of the V. µt is the turbulent viscosity and ρ represents the fluid density. υ is the kinematic viscosity, Ф is the pressure strain, C2, Cµ, σε and σk are model constants, 1.92, 0.09, 1.30 and 1.00, respectively (Silva et al., 2008)