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JOURNAL
OF
SPORTS SCIENCE &
MEDICINE
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Review article
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PHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF HEAD-OUT AQUATIC EXERCISES IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS: A QUALITATIVE REVIEW |
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Tiago M Barbosa1,4  ,
Daniel A. Marinho2,4, Victor M. Reis3,4, António J.
Silva3,4 and José A. Bragada1,4 |
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1Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal, 2University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, 3University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal, 4Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development, Vila Real, Portugal. |
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© Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2009) 8, 179 - 189 Search Google Scholar for Citing Articles |
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| ABSTRACT | |||
| In the last decades head-out aquatic exercises became one of the
most important physical activities within the health system. Massive research
has been produced throughout these decades in order to better understand
the role of head-out aquatic exercises in populations' health. Such studies
aimed to obtain comprehensive knowledge about the acute and chronic response
of subjects performing head-out aquatic exercises. For that, it is assumed
that chronic adaptations represent the accumulation of acute responses during
each aquatic session. The purpose of this study was to describe the "state
of the art" about physiological assessment of head-out aquatic exercises
based on acute and chronic adaptations in healthy subjects based on a qualitative
review. The main findings about acute response of head-out aquatic exercise
according to water temperature, water depth, type of exercise, additional
equipment used, body segments exercising and music cadence will be described.
In what concerns chronic adaptations, the main results related to cardiovascular
and metabolic adaptations, muscular strength, flexibility and body composition
improvements will be reported.
Key words: Aquatic exercises, immersion, physical fitness, acute adaptation, chronic adaptation. |
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