|
Abraham, J., Szczerba, M. and Jackson, M. (1994) The effects of an eleven
week aqua aerobic program on relatively inactive college age women. Medicine
& Science in Sports and Exercise 26, S103.
American College of Sports Medicine. (2000) ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise
Testing and Prescription. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, Maryland.
Andersson, J., Liner, M., Fredsted, A. and Schagatay, E. (2003) Cardiovascular
and respiratory responses to apnea with and without face immersion in
exercising humans. Journal of Applied Physiology 96, 1005-1010.
Aquatic Exercise Association (2008) Standards and Guidelines for Aquatic
Fitness Programming. Aquatic Exercise Association. Nokomis, FL.
Ay, A. and Yurtkuran, M. (2003) Evaluation of hormonal response and ultrasonic
changes in the heel bone by aquatic exercise in sedentary postmenopausal
women. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 82, 942-949.
Barbosa, T.M., Garrido, M.F. and Bragada, J.A. (2007) Physiological adaptations
to head-out aquatic exercises with different levels of body immersion.
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 21, 1255-1259.
Barbosa, T.M., Sousa, V, Silva, A.J., Reis, V.M., Marinho, D.A. and Bragada,
J.A. (2009) Effects of music cadence in the acute physiological adaptations
to head-out aquatic exercises. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research,
in press.
Benelli, P., Ditroilo, M. and de Vito, G. (2004) Physiological responses
to fitness activities: a comparison between land-based and water aerobics
exercise. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 18, 719-722.
Bjertnaes, L., Hauge, A., Kjekshus, J. and Soyland, E. (1984) Cardiovascular
responses to face immersion and apnea during steady state muscle exercise.
A heart catheterization study on humans. Acta Physiologica Scandinava
120, 605-612.
Bonen, A., Wilson, B., Yarkony, M. and Belcastro, A. (1980) Maximal oxygen
uptake during free, tethered and flume swimming. Journal of Applied Physiology
48, 232-235.
Bréchat, P.H., Wolf, J.P., Simon-Rigaud, M.L., Brechat, N., Kantelip,
J.P., Berthelay, S. and Regnard, J. (1999) Influence of immersion on respiratory
requirements during 30-min cycling exercise. European Respiratory Journal
13, 860-866.
Broman, G., Quintana, M., Lindberg, T., Jansson, E. and Kaijser, L. (2006)
High intensity deep water training can improve aerobic power in elderly
women. European Journal of Applied Physiology 98, 117-123.
Bocalini, D.S., Serra, A.J., Murad, N. and Levy, R.F. (2008) Water- versus
land-based exercise effects on physical fitness in older women. Geriatric
& Gerontology International 8, 265-271.
Borg, G., Hassmen, P. and Lagertrom, M. (1987) Perceived exertion related
to heart rate and blood lactate during arm and leg exercise. European
Journal of Applied Physiology 56, 679-685.
Butts, N., Tucker, M. and Smith, R. (1991) Maximal responses to treadmill
and deep-water running in high school female cross country runners. Research
Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 62, 236-239.
Butts, N.K., Knox, K.M. and Foley, T.S. (1995) Energy costs of walking
on a dual-action treadmill in men and women. Medicine & Science in Sports
and Exercise 27, 121-125.
Bushman, B., Flynn, M., Andres, F., Lambert, C., Taylor, M. and Braun,
W. (1997) Effect of 4 wk of deep water run training on running performance.
Medicine & Science in Sports and Exercise 29, 694-699.
Cassady, S.L. and Nielsen, D.H. (1992) Cardiorespiratory response of healthy
subjects to callisthenics performed on land versus water. Physical Therapy
72, 532-538.
Chu, K.S. and Rhodes, E.C. (2001) Physiological and cardiovascular changes
associates with deep water running in the young. Possible implications
for the elderly. Sports Medicine 31, 33-46.
Colado, J.C., Tella, V. and Triplett, N.T. (2009a) A method for monitoring
intensity during aquatic exercises Journal of Strength and Conditioning
Research 22, 2045-2049.
Colado, J.C., Tella, V., Triplett, N.T. and González, L.M. (2009b) Effects
of a short-term aquatic resistance program on strength and body composition
in fit young men. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 23, 549-559.
Colado, J.C., Triplett, N.T., Tella, V., Saucedo, P. and Abellán, J. (2009c)
Effects of aquatic resistance training on health and fitness in postmenopausal
women. European Journal of Applied Physiology 106, 113-112.
Costa, G., Afonso, S., Bragada, J.A., Reis, V.M. and Barbosa, T.M. (2008)
Comparison of acute physiological adaptations between three variants of
a basic head-out water exercise. Brazilian Journal of Kineanthropometry
and Human Performance 10, 323-329.
Craig, A. (1983) Temperature regulation and immersion. In: Biomechanics
and Medicine in Swimming. Eds: Hollander, A.P., Huijing, P. and de Groot,
G. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics Publishers. 263-274.
Darby, L., and Yaeckle, B. (2000) Physiological responses during two types
of exercise performed on land and in water. Journal of Sports Medicine
and Physical Fitness 40, 303-311.
Datta, A. and Tipton, M. (2006) Respiratory response to cold water immersion,
neural pathways, interactions and clinical consequence awake and asleep.
Journal of Applied Physiology 100, 2057-2064.
D'Acquisito, L., Troup, J. and Holmberg, S. (1991) Stroke related differences
in economy as a result of long course and flume swimming. In: Aquatic
Sports Medicine. Ed: Cameron, J.M. London: Ferrands Press. 98-101.
DeMaere, J. and Ruby, C. (1997) Effects of deep water and treadmill running
on oxygen uptake and energy expenditure in seasonally trained cross country
runners. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 37, 175-181.
Di Masi, F., Vale, R.V., Dantas, E.H., Barreto, A.C., Novaes, J.S. and
Reis, V.M. (2007) Is blood lactate removal during water immersed cycling
faster than during cycling on land? Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
6, 188-192.
Dolbow, D.R., Farley, R.S., Kim, J.K. and Caputo, J.L. (2008) Oxygen consumption,
heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, and systolic blood pressure
with water treadmill walking. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 16,
14-23.
Dowzer, C.N., Reilly, T., Cable, N.T. and Nevill, A. (1999) Maximal physiological
responses to deep and shallow water running. Ergonomics 42, 275-281.
Dressendorfer, R.H., Morlock, J.F., Baker, D.G. and Hong, S.K. (1976)
Effects of head-out water immersion on cardiorespiratory responses to
maximal cycling exercise. Undersea Biomedical Research 3, 177-187.
Drinkwater, E. (2008) Effects of peripheral cooling on characteristics
of local muscle. Medicine and Sport Science 53, 74-88
Eckerson, J., and Anderson, T. (1992) Physiological response to water
aerobics. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 32, 255-261.
Evans, F. and Cureton, K. (1996) Metabolic, circulatory and perceptual
responses to bench stepping in water. Medicine & Science in Sports and
Exercise 28, S210.
Evans, E.M. and Cureton, K.J. (1998). Metabolic, circulatory, and perceptual
responses to bench stepping in water. Journal of Strength and Conditioning
Research 12, 95-100.
Fink, W., Costill, D., van Handel, P. and Getchell, L. (1975) Leg muscle
metabolism during exercise in the heat and cold. European Journal of Applied
Physiology 34, 183-190.
Frangolias, D.D. and Rhodes, E.C. (1996) Metabolic responses and mechanisms
during water immersion running and exercise. Sports Medicine 22, 32-53.
Fujisawa, H., Suenaga, N. and Minami, A. (1998) Electromyographic study
during isometric exercise of the shoulder in head-out water immersion.
Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 7, 491-494.
Gappmaier, E, Lake, W., Nelson, A.G. and Fisher, A.G. (2006) Aerobic exercise
in water versus walking on land: effects on indices of fat reduction and
weight loss of obese women. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness
46, 564-569.
Gaspard, G., Schmal, J., Porcsri, J., Butts, N., Simpson, A. and Brice,
G. (1995) Effects of seven-week aqua step training program on aerobic
capacity and body composition of college-age women. Medicine & Science
in Sports and Exercise 27, 1003-1011.
Gehring, M., Keller, B., Brehm, B. (1997) Water running with and without
a flotation vest in competitive and recreational runners. Medicine & Science
in Sports and Exercise 29, 1374-1378.
Giacomini, F., Benelli, P., Massimiliano, D., Giorgio, G., Eneko, F.P.,
Francesco, L., Franscesca, D.L., Sal Marta, D., Gabriella, T. and Viberto,
S. (2007) Physiological responses to water fitness activity: a comparison
between the effects of exercise on different water bikes. In: Book of
Abstracts of the 12th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport
Science. Eds: Kallio, J., Komi, P.V., Komulainen, J. and Avela, J. Jyväskylä:
University of Jyväskylä. 512.
Green, J., Cable, N. and Elms, N. (1990) Heart rate and oxygen consumption
during walking on land and in deep-water. Journal of Sports Medicine and
Physical Fitness 30, 49-52.
Hall, J., MacDonald, I., Maddinson, P. and O'Hare, J. (1998) Cardiorespiratory
responses to underwater treadmill walking in healthy females. European
Journal of Applied Physiology 77, 278-284.
Hamer, T. and Morton, A. (1990) Water running: training effects and specificity
of aerobic, anaerobic and muscular parameters following an eight-week
interval training program. Australian Journal of Science and Medicine
in Sport 22, 13-22.
Heck, H., A. Mader, S. Mucke, R. Muller and Hollman, W. (1985) Justification
of the 4-mmol/l lactate threshold. International Journal of Sports Medicine
6, 117-130.
Hoeger, W.K., Gibson, T., Moore, J. and Hopkins, D. (1992) A comparison
of selected training responses to water aerobics and low impact aerobic
dance. National Aquatics Journal Winter Edition, 13-16.
Holmér I. (1972) Oxygen uptake during swimming in man. Journal of Applied
Physiology 33, 502-509.
Holmér, I. (1974) Physiology of swimming man. Acta Physiologica Scandinava
407(supl), 1-55.
Hoshijima, Y., Torigoe, K., Yamamoto, M., Nishimura, S., Abo, N., Imoto,
M. Miyachi, M. and Onodera, S. (1999) Effects of music rhythm on heart
rate and oxygen uptake during squat exercises in water and on land. In:
Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming VIII. Eds: Keskinen, K., Komi, P.A.
and Hollander, A.P. Jyväskylä: Gummerus Printing. 337-339.
Houston, M., Christensen, N., Galbo, H. Holst, J., Nielsen, B. and Nygaard,
E. (1978) Metabolic responses to swimming at three different water temperatures.
In: Swimming Medicine IV. Eds: Eriksson, B. and Furberg, B. Maryland:
University Park Press Baltimore. 327-333.
Kang, D.H., Park, Y.S., Park, Y.D., Lee, I.S., Yeon, D.S., Lee, S.H.,
Hong, S.Y., Rennie, D.W. and Hong, S.K. (1983) Energetics of wet-suit
diving in Korean women breath-hold divers. Journal of Applied Physiology
54, 1702-1707.
Kang, J., Chaloupka, E.C., Mastragelo, M.A. and Angelucci, J. (1999) Physiological
responses to upper body exercise on an arm and a modified leg ergometer.
Medicine & Science in Sports and Exercise 31, 1453-1459.
Kato, T. (2001) Kinematical analysis of underwater walking and running.
Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation 10, 165-182
Kelly, B.T., Roskin, L.A., Kirkendall, D.T. and Speer, K.P. (2000) Shoulder
muscle activation during aquatic and dry land exercises in non-impaired
subjects. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 30, 204-210.
Kieres, J. and Plowman, S. (1991) Effects of swimming and land exercises
versus swimming and water exercises on body composition of college students.
Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 31, 89-95.
Koury, J.M. (1996) Aquatic therapy programming. Guidelines for orthopaedic
rehabilitation. Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL.
Marinho, D.A., Barbosa, T.M., Reis, V.M., Kjendlie, P.L., Alves, F.B.,
Vilas-Boas, J.P., Machado, L., Rouboa, A.I. and Silva, A.J. (2009) Swimming
propulsion forces are enhanced by a small finger spread. Journal of Applied
Biomechanics, in press.
Matsui, M., Miyachi, T., Saito, H., Nakahara, M., Koeda, N., Hayashi,
S. and Onodera, S. (1999) Cardiovascular responses during moderate water
exercise and following recovery. In: Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming
VIII. Eds: Keskinen, K., Komi, P.A. and Hollander, A.P. Jyväskylä: Gummerus
Printing. 345-350.
Miyashita, M., Yoshida, M. and Mizumura, M. (2002) Health benefits of
aqua-exercise to the obese middle-age men. In: Book of Abstracts of the
IXth World Symposium on Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming. Eds: Chatard,
J.C. St-Etienne: Faculté de Médicine et Centre Hospitalier Universitaire
de St-Etienne. 121.
Michaud, T.J., Brennan, D.K., Wilder, R.P. and Sherman, N.W. (1995) Aquarunning
and gains in cardiorespiratory fitness. Journal of Strength and Conditioning
Research 9, 78-84.
Migita, T., Hotta, N., Ogaki, T., Kanaya, S., Fujishima, K. and Masuda,
T. (1996) Comparison of the physiological responses to treadmill prolonged
walking in water and on land. Japan Journal of Physical Education 40,
316-323 (In Japonese: English abstract).
Morlock, J.F. and Dressendorfer, R.H. (1974) Modification of a standard
bicycle ergometer for underwater use. Undersea Biomedical Research 1,
335-342.
Nahimura, K., Yianishi, A., Komiyama, M., Yoshioka, A., Seki, K., Ono,
K. and Onodera, S. (2008) Effects of immersion in different water temperature
before exercise on heart rate, cardiac parasympathetic nervous system
and rectal temperature. In: The Book of Proceedings of the 1st International
Scientific Conference of Aquatic Space Activities. Eds: Nomura, T. and
Ungerechts, B.E. Tskuba: University of Tskuba. 128-133.
Nakazawa, K., Yano, H. and Miyashita, M. (1994) Ground reaction forces
during walking in water. In: Medicine and Science in Aquatic Sports. Eds:
Miyashita, M., Mutoh, Y. and Richardson, A. Basel: Karger. 28-34.
Nowak, A., Pilaczynska-Szczesniak, L., Sliwicka, E., Deskur-Smielecka,
E., Karolkiewics, J. and Piechowiak, A. (2008) Insulin resistance and
glucose tolerance in obese women: the effects of a recreational training
program. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 48, 252-258.
Poyhonen, T., Keskinen, K., Hautala, A., Savolainen, J. and Malkia, E.
(1999) Human isometric force production and electromyogram activity of
knee extensor in water and on dry land. European Journal of Applied Physiology
80, 52-56.
Poyhonen, T., Keskinen, K. and Savolainen, J. (2001). Neuromuscular function
during therapeutic knee exercise under water and on dry land. Archives
of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 82, 1446-1452.
Poyhonen, T., Sipila, S., Keskinen, K., Hautala, A., Savolainen, J. and
Malkia, E. (2002) Effects of aquatic resistance training on neuromuscular
performance in healthy women. Medicine & Science in Sports and Exercise
34, 2103-2109.
Quinn, T.J., Sedory, D.R. and Fisher, B.S. (1994) Physiological effects
of deep water running following a land-based training program. Research
Quarterly for Exercise and Sports 65, 386-389.
Reilly, T., Dowzer, C. and Cable, N. (2003) The physiology of deep-water
running. Journal of Sports Sciences 21, 959-972.
Robert, J., Jones, L. and Bobo, M. (1996) The physiologic response of
exercising in the water and on land with and without the X1000 Walk'n
Tone exercise belt. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sports 67, 310-315.
Robinson, L., Devor, S., Merrick, M. and Buckworth, J. (2004) The effects
of land vs aquatic plyometrics on power, torque, velocity and muscle soreness
in women. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 18, 84-91.
Sanders, M. (2000) YMCA Water Fitness for Health. Human Kinetics, Champaign,
IL.
Sheldahl, L., Tristani, F., Cliffors, P., Highes, C., Sobocinki, K. and
Morris, R. (1987) Effect of head-out water immersion on cardiorespiratory
response to dynamic exercise. Journal of the American College of Cardiology
10, 1254-1258.
Shono, T., Fujishima, K., Hotta, N., Ogaki, T., Ueda, T., Otoki, K., Teramoto,
K. and Shimizu, T. (2000) Physiological responses and RPE during underwater
treadmill walking in women of middle and advanced age. Journal of Physiological
Anthropology and Applied Human Sciences 19, 195-200.
Shono, T., Fujishima, K., Hotta, N., Ogaki, T. and Masumoto, K. (2001)
Cardiorespiratory response to low intensity walking in water and on land
in elderly women. Journal of Physiological Anthropology and Applied Human
Sciences 20, 269-274.
Shono, T., Masumoto, K., Fujishima, K., Hotta, N., Ogaki, T. and Adachi,
T. (2007) Gait patterns and muscle activity in the lower extremities of
elderly women during underwater treadmill walking against water flow.
Journal of Physiological Anthropology and Applied Human Sciences 26, 579-86.
Silva, A.J., Marinho, D.A.; Reis, V.M., Alves, F., Vilas-Boas, J.P., Machado,
L. and Rouboa, A.I. (2008a) Study of the propulsive potential of the hand
and forearm in swimming. Medicine & Science in Sports and Exercise 40,
S212.
Silva, A.J., Rouboa, A., Moreira, A., Reis, V.M., Alves, F., Vilas-Boas,
J.P. and Marinho, D.A. (2008b) Analysis of drafting effects in swimming
using computational fluid dynamics. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
7, 60-66.
Srámek, P., Simeckova, M., Jansky, L., Savlikova, J. and Vybiral, S. (2000)
Human physiological responses to immersion into water of different temperatures.
European Journal of Applied Physiology 81, 436-442.
Stallman, R.K., Naess, G. and Kjendlie, P.L. (2006) A reliability study
of a lactate profile test for running in water with "wet vest". In: Biomechanics
and Medicine in Swimming X. Eds: Vilas-Boas, J.P., Alves, F. and Marques,
A. Porto: Portuguese Journal of Sport Science. 270-272.
Sugano, A. and Nomura, T. (2000) Influence of water exercise and land
stretching n salivary cortisol concentrations and anxiety in chronic low
back pain patients. Journal of Physiology, Anthropology Applied Human
Science 19, 175-180.
Takeshima, N., Rogers, M.E., Watanabe, E., Brechue, W.F., Okada, A., Yamada,
T., Islam, M.M. and Hayano, J. (2002) Water-based exercise improves health-related
aspects of fitness in older women. Medicine & Science in Sports and Exercise
34, 544-551.
Taunton, J.E., Rhodes, E.C., Wolski, L.A., Donelly, M., Warren, J., Elliot,
J., McFarlane, L., Leslie, J., Mitchell, J. and Lauridsen, B. (1996) Effect
of land-based and water-based fitness programs on the cardiovascular fitness,
strength and flexibility of women aged 65-75 years. Gerontology 42, 204-210.
Triplett, N.T., Colado, J.C., Benavent, J., Alakhdar, Y., Madera, J.,
González, L.M., and Tella, V. (2009) Concentric and impact forces of single-leg
jumps in an aquatic environment vs. on land. Medicine & Science in Sports
and Exercise, in press.
Tokmakidis, S.P., Spassis, A.T. and Volaklis, K.A. (2008) Training, detraining
and retraining effects after a water-based exercise program in patients
with coronary artery disease. Cardiology 111, 257-264.
Town, G., and Bradley, S. (1991) Maximal metabolic responses of deep and
shallow water running in trained runners. Medicine & Science in Sports
and Exercise 23, 238-241.
Tsourlou, T., Benik, A., Dipla, K., Zafeiridis, A. and Kellis, S. (2006)
The effects of a twenty-four weeks aquatic training program on muscular
strength performance in healthy elderly women. Journal of Strength and
Conditioning Research 20, 811-818.
Vila-Chã, C.J., Morais, J.F. and Barbosa, T.M. (2007) The influence of
kineanthropometrical profile in deep-water tethered running. In: Book
of Abstracts of the 12th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport
Science. Eds: Kallio, J., Komi, P.V., Komulainen, J. and Avela, J. Jyväskylä:
University of Jyväskylä. 592.
Volaklis, K.A., Spassis, A.T. and Tokmakidis, S.P. (2007) Land versus
water exercise in patients with coronary artery disease: effects on body
composition, blood lipids and physical fitness. American Heart Journal
154, 560.e1-6.
Wakabayashi, H., Hanai, A., Yokoyama, S. and Nomura, T. (2006) Thermal
insulation and body temperature wearing a thermal swimsuit during water
immersion, Journal of Physiological Anthropology and Applied Human Sciences
25, 331-338.
Watanabe, E., Takeshima, N. and Inomata, K. (2000) Comparison of water-
and land-based exercise in the reduction of state anxiety among older
adults. Perceptual and Motor Skills 91, 97-104.
Wilber, R., Moffatt, R., Scott, B., Lee, D. and Cucuzzo, N. (1996) Influence
of water run training on the maintenance of aerobic performance. Medicine
& Science in Sports and Exercise 28, 1056-1062.
Wilmore, J., and Costill, D. (1994) Physiology of Sport and Exercise.
Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL.
Yu, E., Kitagawa, K. Mutoh, Y. and Miyashita, M. (1994) Cardiorespiratory
responses to walking in water. In: Medicine and Science in Aquatic Sports.
Eds: Miyashita, M., Mutoh, Y. and Richardson, A. Basel: Karger. 35-41
Yun, S.H, Choi, J.K. and Park, Y.S. (2004) Cardiovascular responses to
head-out water immersion in Korean women breath-hold divers. European
Journal of Applied Physiology 91, 708-711
|