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Table
4.
Body weight,
plasma and urinary parameters, and relative values of effort test, before
(D0) and after (D30) supplementation of GE or placebo in handball players.
Values are means (±SEM) of 10 determinations
performed in duplicate on samples from different subjects; n = 10 handball
players.
|
| |
Placebo n=10
|
Grape extract
n=10
|
| |
D0
|
D30
|
D0
|
D30
|
|
Weight (kg)
|
88.5 (5.7)
|
86.5 (5.4)
|
88.4 (5.7)
|
87.1 (5.7)
|
|
Biomarkers of antioxidant status and oxidative stress
|
|
ORAC (µmol·L-1)
|
13 678 (487)
|
13 946 (482)
|
13 336 (384)
|
15 132 (536) ***
|
|
FRAP (µmol·L-1 Fe2+)
|
1 168 (57)
|
988 (39) ***
|
1 110 (45)
|
1 060 (55) #
|
|
LDLox (mU·mL-1)
|
537 (174)
|
562 (189)
|
622 (202)
|
693 (229)
|
|
SOD (U·g-1 Hb)
|
2 381 (116)
|
2 549 (122) *
|
2 710 (157) ‡
|
2 679 (113) #
|
|
GPx (µmol·min-1·g -1 Hb)
|
17.0 (1.4)
|
14.2 (1.5) *
|
18.8 (1.7)
|
18.0 (1.6) #
|
|
Catalase (mol·min-1.g -1 Hb)
|
.580 (.056)
|
.545 (.090)
|
.640 (.044)
|
.681 (.088)
|
|
Vitamin E (µg·mL-1)
|
12.0 (.5)
|
12.0 (.7)
|
12.2 (.6)
|
12.9 (.7) ##
|
|
Vit E/cholesterol ratio (µg·mg-1)
|
6.7 (.3)
|
6.9 (.3)
|
6.9 (.4)
|
7.5 (.5) *#
|
|
Vit C (µmol·L-1)
|
65.8 (9.1)
|
55.5 (9.1)
|
59.3 (5.1)
|
54.7 (5.8)
|
|
Isoprostanes (ng·mg-1 creatinine)
|
1.3 (.1)
|
1.7 (.2) *
|
1.3 (.2)
|
1.3 (.2) #
|
|
Biomarker of skeletal
muscle damage
|
|
Creatine phosphokinase (UI·L-1)
|
704 (223)
|
725 (326)
|
790 (300)
|
464 (120)
|
|
General plasmatic biomarkers
|
|
Triglycerides (g·L-1)
|
.47 (.04)
|
.58 (.07)
|
.53 (.05)
|
.66 (.10)
|
|
Cholesterol (g·L-1)
|
1.81 (.1)
|
1.76 (.10)
|
1.78 (.10)
|
1.78 (.10)
|
|
Ferritin (µg·L-1)
|
69.1 (14.7)
|
57.8 (13.3) *
|
68.8 (15.5)
|
56.8 (13.0) *
|
|
Urea (g·L-1)
|
.29 (.02)
|
.28 (.01)
|
.30 (.05)
|
.27 (.06)
|
|
Triglycerides (g·L-1)
|
14.6 (.20)
|
14.56 (.19)
|
14.52 (.21)
|
14.87 (.30) *
|
|
Effort test
|
|
Performance (EnRJ45, %)
|
-4.4 (6.1)
|
19.5 (9.7) †
|
|
Explosive power (RJ110, %)
|
-3.57 (2.50)
|
2.82 (4.25)
|
|
Fatigue (RJ5, %)
|
2.95 (3.47)
|
10.85 (6.88)
|
*, ** and *** denote p < 0.05 , p < 0.01 and
p < 0.001, respectively, from the pre-treatment
(D0) by paired t test. # and ## denote p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively,
from the placebo post-treatment
(D30) by paired t test. † significantly (p < 0.05) different from
the placebo relative values by paired z test. ‡ significantly (p < 0.05) different from the placebo pre-treatment (D0).
|