Table 3.  Exercise test responses in normal subjects and CHF patients with normal and abnormal cardiac output response to exercise (mean ± SD).
 

Normals

CHF and Normal CO Response

CHF and Abnormal CO Response

p value

Rest

Standing heart rate (beats·min-1)

75 (13)

74 (14)

77 (11)

.79

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

125 (9)

118 (9)

118 (9)

.05

Ventilatory Threshold

Heart rate (beats·min-1)

130 (22)

105 (23) †

97 (18) †

.001

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

140 (7)

127 (11) †

126 (12) †

.008

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

84 (7)

82 (7)

73 (13)

.07

Oxygen uptake (ml/min)

1487 (483)

1124 (419)

906 (460) †

.007

Oxygen uptake (ml/kg/min)

19.8 (6.0)

11.4 (3.9) †

10.7 (4.2) †

<.001

Minute ventilation (l/min)

38.2 (15.0)

32.3 (12.0)

25.7 (8.0) †

.05

CO2 production (ml/min)

1445 (580)

1027 (445) †

827 (428) †

.007

Perceived exertion

--

5.3 (2.9)

3.2 (1.3)

.21

Maximal Exercise

Heart rate (beats·min-1)

139 (24)

116 (27) †

112 (18) †

.008

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

143 (12)

134 (12)

132 (19)

.09

Oxygen uptake (ml/min)

1857 (464)

1494 (518)

1169 (628) *†

.009

Oxygen uptake (ml/kg/min)

24.8 (6.2)

16.8 (5.5) †

14.1 (5.8) †

<.001

Minute ventilation (l/min)

63.7 (16.0)

58.7 (20.0)†

43.7 (16.0)

.02

CO2 production

2173 (577)

1678 (674)

1298 (694) †

.006

Respiratory exchange ratio

1.15 (.09)

1.12 (.10)

1.12 (.09)

.61

VE/VCO2 Slope

.28 (.03)

.35 (.08) †

.37 (.09) †*

.007

OUES

2.1 (.59)

1.61 (.55)

1.39 (.68) †

.01

Perceived exertion

--

7.9 (1.8)

7.9 (2.5)

.94

p value represents ANOVA main effect between groups. *p <0.05 vs CHF patients with a normal cardiac output response. p <0.05 vs normal subjects. CO - cardiac output. OUES - oxygen uptake efficiency slope.