Bemben, M.G. and Lamont, H.S. (2005) Creatine supplementation and exercise performance: recent findings. Sports Medicine 335, 107-125.

Bender, A., Auer, D.P., Merl, T., Reilmann, R., Saemann, P., Yassouridis, A., Bender, J., Weindl, A., Dose, M., Gasser, T. and Klopstock, T. (2005) Creatine supplementation lowers brain glutamate levels in Huntington's disease. Journal of Neurology 2252, 36-41.

Bird, S.P. (2003) Creatine supplementation and exercise performance: a brief review. JJournal of Sports Science & Medicine 22(4), 123-132.

Bizzarini, E . and De Angelis, L . (2004) Is the use of oral creatine supplementation safe? The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 44, 411-416.

Boada, L.D., Zumbado, M., Torres, S., Lopez, A., Diaz-Chico, B.N., Cabrera, J.J. and Luzardo, O.P. (1999) Evaluation of acute and chronic hepatotoxic effects exerted by anabolic-androgenic steroid stanozolol in adult male rats. Archives of Toxicology 773, 465-472.

Brannon, T.A., Adams, G.R., Gonniff, C.L. and Baldwin, K.M. (1997) Effects of creatine loading and training on running performance and biochemical properties of rat skeletal muscle. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 229, 489-495.

Clayton, T.A., Lindon, J.C., Everett, J.R., Charuel, C., Hanton, G., Le Net, J.L., Provost, J.P. and Nicholson, J.K. (2004) Hepatoxin-induced hypercreatinaemia and hypercreatinuria: their relationship to one another, to liver damage and to weakened nutritional status. Archives of Toxicology 778, 86-96.

Deshmukh, D.R., Meert, K., Sarnaik, A.P., Marescau, B. and De Deyn, P.P. (1991) Guanidino compound metabolism in arginine-free diet induced hyperammonemia. Enzyme 445, 128-136.

Edmunds, J.W., Jayapalan, S., Dimarco, N.M., Saboorian, M.H. and Aukema, H.M. (2001) Creatine supplementation increases renal disease progression in Han:SPRD-cy rats. American Journal of Kidney Diseases 337, 73-78.

Farquhar, W.B. and Zambraski, E.J. (2002) Effects of creatine use on the athlete's kidney. Current Sports Medicine Reports 11, 103-106.

Ferreira, L.G., De Toledo Bergamaschi, C., Lazaretti-Castro, M. and Heilberg, I.P. (2005) Effects of creatine supplementation on body composition and renal function in rats. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 37(9), 1525-1529.

Gagnon, M., Maguire, M., MacDermott, M. and Bradford, A. (2002). Effects of creatine loading and depletion on rat skeletal muscle contraction. Clinical Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 29, 885-890.

Ghosh, A. and Sil, P.C. (2007) Anti-oxidative effect of a protein from Cajanus indicus L against acetaminophen-induced hepato-nephro toxicity. Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 440, 1039-1049.

Greenhaff, P.L. (1997) The nutritional biochemistry of creatine. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 111, 610-618.

Gregory, C.R. (2003) Urinary system. In: Duncan & Prasse's Veterinary laboratory medicine: clinical patology. Eds: Latimer, K.S., Mahaffey, E.A. and Prasse, K.W. Filadelfia: Blackwell Publishing Company. 231-257.

Groeneveld, G.J ., Beijer, C ., Veldink, J.H ., Kalmijn, S ., Wokke, J.H . and Van Den Berg, L.H . (2005) Few adverse effects of long-term creatine supplementation in a placebo-controlled trial. International Journal of Sports Medicine 226, 307-313.

Gualano, B., Artioli, G.G., Poortmans, J.R. and Lancha Junior, A.H. (2009) Exploring the therapeutic role of creatine supplementation. Amino Acids Mar 1. [Epub ahead of print].

Guerrero-Ontiveros, M.L. and Wallimann, T. (1998) Creatine supplementation in health and disease. Effects of chronic creatine ingestion in vivo: Down-regulation of the expression of creatine transporter isoforms in skeletal muscle. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 1184, 427-437.

Ipsiroglu, S.O., Stromberger, C., Ilas, J., Hôger, H., Mûhl, A. and Ipsiroglu-Stockler, S. (2001) Changes of tissue creatine concentrations upon oral supplementation of creatine-monohydrate in various animal species. Life Sciences 669, 1805-1815.

Jeong, K.S., Park, S.J., Lee, C.S., Kim, T.W., Kim, S.H., Ryu, S.Y., Williams, B.H., Veech, R.I. and Lee, Y.S. (2000) Effects of cyclocreatine in rat hepatocarcinogenesis model. Anticancer Research 220, 1627-1633.

Koshy, K.M., Griswold, E. and Schneeberger, E.E. (1999) Interstitial nephritis in a patient taking creatine. The New England Journal of Medicine 3340, 814-815.

Kreider, R.B. (2003) Effects of creatine supplementation on performance and training adaptations. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 2244, 89-94.

Kreider, R.B., Melton, C., Rasmussen, C.J., Greenwood, M., Lancaster, S., Cantler, E.C., Milnor, P. and Almada, A.L. (2003) Long-term creatine supplementation does not significantly affect clinical markers of health in athletes. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 2244, 95-104.

Maughan, R.J., King, D.S. and Lea, T. (2004) Dietary supplements. Journal of Sports Sciences 222, 95-113.

Mayhew, D.L., Mayhew, J.L. and Ware, J.S. (2002) Effects of long-term creatine supplementation on liver and kidney functions in American college football players. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 112, 453-460.

McGuire, M., Bradford, A. and MacDermott, M. (2002). Contractile properties of the diaphragm in creatine-fed rats. Clinical Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 29, 782-783.

Mihic, S., Macdonald, J.R., Mckenzie, S. and Tarnopolsky, M.A. (2000) Acute creatine loading increases fat-free mass, but does not affect blood pressure, plasma creatinine, or CK activity in men and women. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 332, 291-296.

Nunez, M. (2006) Hepatotoxicity of antiretrovirals: incidence, mechanisms and management. Journal of Hepatology 444, 132-139.

Ööpik, V., Timpmann, S., Medijainem, L. and Aleksejeva, T. (1996) Effect of creatine administration on blood urea level and postexercise glycogen repletion in liver and skeletal muscle in rats. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism 440, 359-363.

Osorio, R.A., Christofani, J.S., D'almeida, V.K. and Picarro, I.C. (2003a) Reactive oxygen species in pregnant rats: effects of exercise and thermal stress. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part C, Comparative Pharmacology and Toxicology 1135, 89-95.

Osorio, R.A., Silveira, V.l., Maldjian, S., Morales, A., Christofani, J.S., Russo, A.K., Silva, A.C. and Picarro, I.C. (2003b) Swimming of pregnant rats at different water temperatures. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology 1135, 605-611.

Peake, J ., Nosaka, K . and Suzuki, K . (2005) Characterization of inflammatory responses to eccentric exercise in humans. Exercise Immunology Review 111, 64-85.

Pline, K.A . and Smith, C.L . (2005) The effect of creatine intake on renal function. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 339, 1093-1096.

Poortmans, J.R. and Francaux, M. (1999) Long-term oral creatine supplementation does not impair renal function in healthy athletes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 331, 1108-1110.

Poortmans, J.R. and Francaux, M. (2000) Adverse effects of creatine supplementation: fact or Fiction? Sports Medicine. 30, 155-170.

Poortmans, J.R., Auquier, H., Renaut, V., Durussel, A., Saugy, M. and Brisson, G.R. (1997) Effect of short-term creatine supplementation on renal responses in men. European Journal of Applied Physiology 776, 566-567.

Poortmans, J.R ., Kumps, A ., Duez, P ., Fofonka, A ., Carpentier, A . and Francaux, M . (2005) Effect of oral creatine supplementation on urinary methylamine, formaldehyde, and formate. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 337, 1717-1720.

Pritchard, N.R. and Kaira, P.A. (1998) Renal dysfunction accompanying oral creatine supplements. Lancet 352, 1252-1253.

Robinson, T.M., Sewell, D.A., Casey, A., Steenge, G. and Greenhaff, P.L. (2000) Dietary creatine supplementation does not affect some haematological indices, or indices of muscle damage and hepatic and renal function. British Journal of Sports Medicine 334, 284-288.

Schilling, B.K., Stone, M.H., Utter, A., Kearney, J.T., Johnson, M., Coglianese, R., Smith, L., O'bryant, H.S., Fry, A.C., Starks, M., Keith, R. and Stone, M.E. (2001). Creatine supplementation and health variables: a retrospective study. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 333, 183-188.

Shao, A., Hathcock, J,N. (2006). Risk assessment for creatine monohydrate. RRegulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 45, 242-251.

Taes, Y.E., Delanghe, J.R., Wuyts, B., Van De Voorde, J. and Lameire, N.H. (2003) Creatine supplementation does not affect kidney function in an animal model with pre-existing renal failure. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 18(2), 258-264.

Tarnopolsky, M.A., Bourgeois, J.M., Snow, R., Keys, S., Roy, B.D., Kwieeien, J.M. and Turnbull, J. (2003) Histological assessment of intermediate and long-term creatine monohydrate supplementation in mice and rats. American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 285, 762-769.

Terjung, R.L., Clarkson, P., Eichner, E.R., Greenhaff, P.L., Hespel, P.J., Israel, R.G., Kraemer, W.J., Meyer, R.A., Spriet, L.L., Tarnopolsky, M.A., Wagenmakers, A.J. and Williams, M.H. (2000) American College of Sports Medicine roundtable. The physiological and health effects of oral creatine supplementation. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 332, 706-717.

Thorsteinsdottir, B., Grande, J.P . and Garovic, V.D. (2006) Acute renal failure in a young weight lifter taking multiple food supplements, including creatine monohydrate. Journal of Renal Nutrition 116(4), 341-345.

Van Der Meulen J.H ., Kuipers, H . and Drukker, J . (1991) Relationship between exercise-induced muscle damage and enzyme release in rats. Journal of Applied Physiology 71, 999-1004.

Vieira, R.P., Duarte, A.C., Claudino, R.C., Perini, A., Santos, A.B., Moriya, H.T., Arantes-Costa, F.M., Martins, M.A., Carvalho, C.R. and Dolhnikoff, M. (2007) Creatine supplementation exacerbates allergic lung inflammation and airway remodeling in mice. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology 337, 660-667.

Vieira, R.P., França, R.F., Damaceno-Rodrigues, N.R., Dolhnikoff, M., Caldini, E.G., Carvalho, C.R. and Ribeiro, W. (2008a) Dose-dependent hepatic response to subchronic administration of nandrolone decanoate. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 40, 842-847.

Vieira, R.P., Duarte AC, Santos AB, Medeiros MC, Mauad T, Martins MA, Carvalho CR, Dolhnikoff M. (2008b) Exercise reduces effects of creatine on lung. International Journal of Sports Medicine 30, 684-690.

Volek, J.S. and Kraemer, W.J. (1996) Creatine supplementation: its effect on human muscular performance and body composition. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research 10, 200-210.

Waldron, J.E., Pendlay, G.W., Kilgore, T.G., Haff, G.G. and Reeve, J.S. (2002) Concurrent creatine monohydrate supplementation and resistance training does not affect markers of hepatic function in trained weightlifters. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online 55, 1-11.

Walker, J.B. (1979) Creatine Biosynthesis, regulation and function. Advances in Enzymology and Related Areas of Molecular Biology 550, 117-242.

Yoshizumi, W.M . and Tsourounis, C . (2004) Effects of creatine supplementation on renal function. Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapy 4, 1-7.

Young, R.E. and Young, J.C. (2007). The effect of creatine supplementation on mass and performance of rat skeletal muscle. Life Sciences 81, 710-716.

Yu, P.H. and Deng, Y. (2000) Potential cytotoxic effect of chronic administration of creatine, a nutrition supplement to augment athletic performance. Medical Hypotheses 554, 726-728.