REFERENCES

Ainsworth, B.E., Haskell, W.L., Leon, A.S., Jacobs, D.R., Jr., Montoye, H.J., Sallis, J.F. and Paffenbarger R.S., Jr. (1993) Compendium of physical activities: classification of energy costs of human physical activities. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 25, 71-80.

Ainsworth, B.E., Haskell, W.L., Whitt, W.C., Irwin, M.L., Swartz, A.M., Strath, S.J., O’Brien, W.L., Bassett, D.R., Jr, Schmitz, K.H., Emplaincourt, P.O., Jacobs, D.R., Jr. and Leon, A.S. (2000) Compendium of physical activities: an update of activity codes and MET intensities. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 32, 498-516.

Ainsworth, B.E., Sternfeld, B., Slattery, M.L., Daguisé, V. and Zahm, S.H. (1998) Physical activity and breast cancer: evaluation of physical activity assessment methods. Cancer 83, 611-620.

Alfano, C.M., Klesges, R.C., Murray, D.M., Beech, B.M. and McClanahan, B.S. (2002) History of sport participation in relation to obesity and related health behaviors in women. Preventive Medicine 34, 82-89.

American Cancer Society. (2008) Breast cancer facts & figures 2007-2008. Atlanta; GA: American Cancer Society, Inc.

American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR). (2005) Physical activity and breast cancer. July 29. Washington, DC.

Coyle, J.M. (2008) Physical activity as a negative modulator of estrogen-induced breast cancer. Cancer Causes & Control 19, 1021-1029.

Dallal, C.M., Sullivan-Halley, J., Ross, R.K., Wang, Y., Deapen, D., Horn-Ross, P.L., Reynolds, P., Stram, D.O., Clarke, C.A., Anton-Culver, H., Ziogas, A., Peel, D., West, D.W., Wright, W. and Bernstein, L. (2007) Long-term recreational physical activity and risk of invasive and in situ breast cancer: the California teachers study. Archives of Internal Medicine 167, 408-415.

Fair, A.M. and Montgomery, K. (2009) Energy balance, physical activity, and cancer risk. In: Methods of molecular biology, cancer epidemiology 472. Ed: Verma, M. Humana Press, Totowa. 57-88.

Friedenreich, C.M. (2001) Physical activity and cancer prevention: from observational to intervention research. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 10, 287-230.

Friedenreich, C.M. and Cust, A.E. (2008) Physical activity and breast cancer risk: impact of timing, type and dose of activity and population subgroup effects. British Journal of Sports Medicine 42, 636-647.

Friedenreich, C.M., Courneya, K.S. and Bryant, H.E. (1998) The lifetime total physical activity questionnaire: development and reliability. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 30, 266-274.

Friedenreich, C.M., Courneya, K.S. and Bryant, H.E. (2001) Relation between intensity of physical activity and breast cancer reduction. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 33, 1538-1545.

Garcia-Closas, M., Brinton, L.A., Lissowska, J., Chatterjee, N., Peplonska, B., Anderson, W.F., Szeszenia-Dabrowska, N., Bardin-Mikolajczak, A., Zatonski, W., Blair, A., Kalaylioglu, Z., Rymkiewicz, G., Mazepa-Sikora, D., Kordek, R., Lukaszek, S. and Sherman, M.E. (2006) Established breast cancer risk factors by clinically important tumour characteristics. British Journal of Cancer 95, 123-129.

Gleeson, M. (2007) Immune function in sport and exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology 103, 693-699.

Glówny Urzad Statystyczny (GUS). (2004) Stan zdrowia ludnosci Polski w 2004 r. (In Polish) GUS, Warszawa, 2006.

Hallal, P.C., Victora, C.G., Azevedo, M.R. and Wells, J.C.K. (2006) Adolescent physical activity and health: a systematic review. Sports Medicine 36, 1019-1030.

Harrell, F.E., Jr. (2001) Regression Modelling Strategies. Springer New York, NY, USA, Sections 9.2, 10.5.

Holmes, T.H. and Rahe, R.H. (1967) The social readjustment rating scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 11, 213-218.

Irwin, M.L., Yasui, Y., Ulrich, C.M., Bowen, D., Rudolph, R.E., Schwartz, R.S., Yukawa, M., Aiello, E., Potter, J.D. and McTiernan, A. (2003) Effect of exercise on total and intra-abdominal body fat in postmenopausal women. JAMA 289, 323-330.

John, E.M., Horn-Ross, P.L. and Koo, J. (2003) Lifetime physical activity and breast cancer risk in a multiethnic population: the San Francisco Bay area breast cancer study. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 12, 1143-1152.

Key, T.J., Verkasalo, P.K. and Banks, E. (2001) Epidemiology of breast cancer. The Lancet Oncology 2, 133-140.

Kriska, A.M., Knowler, W.C., LaPorte, R.E., Drash, A.L., Wing, R.R., Blair, S.N., Bennett, P.H. and Kuller, L.H. (1990) Development of questionnaire to examine relationship of physical activity and diabetes in Pima Indians. Diabetes Care 13, 401-411.

Kruk, J. (2007) Association of lifestyle and other risk factors with breast cancer according to menopausal status: a case-control study in the region of Western Pomerania (Poland). Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 8, 513-524.

Kruk, J. (2009) Intensity of lifetime physical activity and breast cancer risk among Polish women. Journal of Sports Sciences 27, 437-445.

Kushi, L.H., Byers, T., Doyle, C., Bandera, E.V., McCullough, M., Gansler, T., Andrews, K.S., Thun, M.J. and The American Cancer Society 2006 Nutrition and Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee (2006) American Cancer Society Guidelines on Nutrition and Physical Activity for Cancer Prevention: Reducing the Risk of Cancer with Healthy Food Choices and Physical Activity. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 56, 254-281.

Lagerros, Y.T., Hsieh, S.F. and Hsieh, C.C. (2004) Physical activity in adolescence and young adulthood and breast cancer risk: a quantitative review. European Journal of Cancer Prevention 15, 5-12.

Leitzmann, M.F., Moore, S.C., Peters, T.M., Lacey, J.V., Jr., Schatzkin, A., Schairer, C., Brinton, L.A. and Albanes, D. (2008) Prospective study of physical activity and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research http://breast-cancer-research.com/content/10/5/R92

Marcus, P.M., Newman, B., Moorman, P.G., Millikan, R.C., Baird, D.D. Qaqish, B. and Sternfeld B. (1999) Physical activity at age 12 and adult breast cancer risk (United States). Cancer Causes & Control 10, 293-302.

Maruti, S.S., Willett, W.C., Feskanich, D., Rosner, B. and Colditz, G.A. (2008) A prospective study of age specific physical activity and premenopausal breast cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 100, 728-737.

McTiernan, A. (2006) Physical activity intervention studies in humans. In: Cancer Prevention and Management through Exercise and Weight Control. Ed: McTiernan A., CRC Taylor & Francis, 199-207.

McTiernan, A. (2008) Mechanisms linking physical activity with cancer. Nature Reviews Cancer 8, 205-211.

McTiernan, A., Ulrich, C.M., Yancey, D., Slate, S., Nakamura, H., Oestreicher, N., Bowen, D., Yasui, Y., Potter and J., Schwartz, R. (1999) The physical activity for total health (PATH) study: rationale and design. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 31, 1307-1312.

Monninkhof, E.M., Elias, S.G., Vlems, F.A., von der Tweel, I., Schuit, A.J., Voskuil, D.W. and van Leeuwen, F.E., on behalf of TFPAC. (2007a) Physical activity and breast cancer: a systematic review. Epidemiology 18, 137-157.

Neilson, H.K., Friedenreich, C.M., Brockton, N.T. and Millikan, R.C. (2009) Physical activity and postmenopausal breast cancer: proposed biological mechanisms and areas for future research. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 18, 11-27.

Patel, A.U., Calle, E.E., Bernstein, L., Wu, A.H. and Thun, M.J. (2003) Recreational physical activity and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in a large cohort of US women. Cancer Causes & Control 14, 519-529.

Peplonska, B., Lissowska, J., Hartman, T.J., Szeszenia-Dabrowska, N., Blair, A., Zatonski, W., Sherman, M.E., Garci-Closas, M. and Brinton, L.A. (2008). Adulthood lifetime physical activity and breast cancer. Epidemiology 19, 226-236.

Peters, T.M., Moore, S.C., Gierach, G.L., Wareham, N.J., Ekelund, U., Hollenbeck, A.R., Schatzkin and A., Leitzmann, M.F. (2009) Intensity and timing physical activity in relation to postmenopausal breast cancer risk: the prospective NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. BMC Cancer 9, 349 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/9/349

Pike, M.C., Spicer, D.V., Dahmoush, L. and Press, M.F. (1993) Estrogens, progestogens, normal breast cell proliferation, and breast cancer risk. Epidemiologic Reviews 15, 17-35.

Rockhill, B., Willett, W.C., Hunter, D.J., Manson, J.E., Hankinson, S.E. and Colditz, G. (1999) A prospective study of recreational physical activity and breast cancer risk. Archives of Internal Medicine 159, 2290-2296.

Rundle, A. (2005) Molecular epidemiology of physical activity and cancer. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 14, 227-236.

Sallis, J.F. and Saelens, B.E. (2000) Assessment of physical activity by self-reported: status, limitations, and future directions. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 71, 1-14.

Tammelin, T., Näyhä, S., Hils, A.P. and Järvelin, M-R. (2003) Adolescent participation in sports and adult physical activity. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 24, 22-28.

Tehard, B., Friedenreich, C.M., Oppert, J.M. and Clavel-Chapelon, F. (2006) Effect of physical activity on women at increased risk of breast cancer: results from the E3N cohort study. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention 15, 57-64.

Thune, I. and Furberg, A.S. (2001) Physical activity and cancer risk: dose-response and cancer, all sites and site-specific. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 33, S530-S550.

Tworoger, S.S., Missmer, S.A., Eliassen, A.H., Barbieri, R.L., Dowsett, M. and Hankinson, S.E. (2007) Physical activity and inactivity in relation to sex hormone, prolactin, insulin-like growth factor concentrations in premenopausal women. Cancer Causes & Control 18, 743-752.

Warburton, D.E., Katzmarzyk, P.T., Rhodes R.E. and Shephard, R.J. (2007) Evidence-informed physical activity guidelines for Canadian adults. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 32 (Suppl. 2E), S16-S68.

Warburton, D.E., Nicol, C. and Bredin, S.S. (2006) Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence. Canadian Medical Association Journal 174, 801-809.