Supplementary Materials

Supplementary Table S10. Sensitivity analysis.

Effect size					Test of heterogeneity
Stage	Model	ES	95%-CI	p-value	I2-Level 2	I2-Level 3	df	Q	p-value
Pooled estimate for RAT at each stage
B-Outliers	REML	0.79	0.53-1.06	< 0.001	62.45%	14.98%	58	222.64	< 0.001
	ML	0.79	0.53-1.05	< 0.001	64.75%	11.91%	58	222.64	< 0.001
Full	REML	0.65	0.42-0.87	< 0.001	61.23%	0%	52	180.13	< 0.001
	ML	0.65	0.42-0.87	< 0.001	60.73%	0%	52	180.13	< 0.001
Reduced	REML	0.66	0.42-0.89	< 0.001	63.79%	0%	48	178.28	< 0.001
	ML	0.66	0.42-0.89	< 0.001	63.26%	0%	48	178.28	< 0.001
Pooled estimate for PAT at each stage
B-Outliers	REML	0.57	0.17-0.96	< 0.01	87.32%	0%	36	249.65	< 0.001
	ML	0.57	0.17-0.96	< 0.01	86.95%	0%	36	249.65	< 0.001
Full	REML	0.56	0.17-0.96	< 0.01	87.32%	0%	36	249.65	< 0.001
	ML	0.56	0.17-0.96	< 0.01	86.95%	0%	36	249.65	< 0.001
Reduced	REML	0.70	0.29-1.11	< 0.01	13.65%	60.20%	27	94.41	< 0.001
	ML	0.70	0.30-1.10	< 0.01	14.36%	57.87%	27	94.41	< 0.001
Change	REML	0.55	0.22-0.88	< 0.01	63.23%	0%	36	103.06	< 0.001
	ML	0.55	0.23-0.87	< 0.01	61.19%	0%	36	103.06	< 0.001
Pooled estimate for RT at each stage
B-Outliers	REML	0.54	-0.12-1.21	> 0.05	0%	83.30%	17	82.24	< 0.001
	ML	0.54	-0.09-1.17	> 0.05	0%	81.48%	17	82.24	< 0.001
Full	REML	0.54	-0.12-1.21	> 0.05	0%	83.30%	17	82.24	< 0.001
	ML	0.54	-0.09-1.17	> 0.05	0%	81.48%	17	82.24	< 0.001
Reduced	REML	0.51	-0.17-1.19	> 0.05	0%	83.74%	16	81.00	< 0.001
	ML	0.51	-0.14-1.15	> 0.05	0%	81.97%	16	81.00	< 0.001

RAT: Reactive agility test; PAT: Pre-planned agility test; RT: Reaction test; B-Outliers: Before outliers were excluded; Full: Model fitted using data after influential studies excluded; Reduced: Model fitted after significant different baseline data was excluded; df: Degree of freedom; REML: Restricted maximum-likelihood; ML: maximum-likelihood; Change: Calculating effect size using change score; Level 2: Heterogeneity within the study; Level 3: Heterogeneity between the study