Supplementary
Table S8. Pre-test baseline difference for RT.
Study
N1
Mean1
SD1
N2
Mean2
SD2
t
p
df
Serpell
et al. 2011
7
-0.34
0.20
7
-0.33
0.33
-0.07
0.95
9.88
Young
& Rogers 2014
13
-0.35
0.06
12
-0.28
0.07
-2.67
0.01
21.79
Young
& Rogers 2014
13
-0.97
0.08
12
-0.96
0.10
-0.27
0.79
21.09
Born
et al. 2016
10
-0.26
0.10
9
-0.24
0.06
-0.71
0.49
15.19
Born
et al. 2016
10
-0.27
0.09
9
-0.23
0.04
-1.41
0.18
12.77
Born
et al. 2016
10
-0.26
0.10
9
-0.24
0.06
-0.52
0.61
14.54
Born
et al. 2016
10
-0.26
0.08
9
-0.24
0.06
-0.48
0.64
16.55
Dunton
et al. 2020
10
-0.98
0.13
10
-0.97
0.12
-0.20
0.85
17.97
Ehmann
et al. 2022
14
-384.41
50.39
13
-384.62
51.15
0.01
0.99
24.79
Ehmann
et al. 2022
14
-384.41
50.39
13
-365.75
48.53
-0.98
0.34
24.96
Hassan
et al. 2022
10
-0.40
0.10
10
-0.41
0.09
0.21
0.83
17.80
Hassan
et al. 2022
10
-0.48
0.09
10
-0.51
0.07
0.94
0.36
16.97
Zwierko
et al. 2023
25
-270.96
44.51
25
-273.72
52.66
0.20
0.84
46.70
Mancini
et al. 2024
12
-0.48
0.01
12
-0.48
0.01
0.51
0.62
20.09
Mancini
et al. 2024
12
-0.61
0.03
12
-0.62
0.03
0.64
0.53
22.00
Zwierko
et al. 2024 (a
25
-3.64
0.80
25
-3.60
0.80
-0.18
0.86
48.00
Neag
et al. 2025
16
-0.50
0.03
15
-0.51
0.04
0.78
0.44
25.93
Neag
et al. 2025
16
-0.51
0.04
15
-0.51
0.06
0.00
1.00
24.18
RT: Reaction test; N1: Participants in experimental group; Mean1: Pre-test mean value in experimental group; SD1: Pre-test standardised deviation in experimental group; N2: Participants in control group; Mean2: Pre-test mean value in control group; SD2: Pre-test standardised deviation in control group; t: unpaired t-test results; p: significance value of the t-test; df: degree of freedom.