Quantifying Running Economy in Amateur Runners: Evaluating VO and Energy Cost with Model-based Normalization

Table 2. The coefficient of determination (R²) from linear and allometric scaling between body weight and both E_c and VO_2sub.

Variable	Gender	Intensity	R²
Variable	Gender	Intensity	Linear	Allometric
E_c (kcal/min)	Male	55%VO_2max	0.162	0.192
		65%VO_2max	0.153	0.169
		75%VO_2max	0.115	0.136
		Overall	0.155	0.178
	Female	55%VO_2max	0.159	0.174
		65%VO_2max	0.194	0.204
		75%VO_2max	0.301	0.314
		Overall	0.242	0.255
VO_2sub (ml/min)	Male	55%VO_2max	0.155	0.184
		65%VO_2max	0.148	0.166
		75%VO_2max	0.106	0.128
		Overall	0.147	0.171
	Female	55%VO_2max	0.156	0.171
		65%VO_2max	0.193	0.202
		75%VO_2max	0.284	0.298
		Overall	0.233	0.246