Effects of High Intensity Interval Training in Normobaric Hypoxia on Aerobic Performance and Exercise-Induced Motor Performance Fatigue in Young Biathletes

Table 4. Biomarkers of oxidative (pre) and after (post) 3 weeks exercise training in normoxia (NT) and hypoxia (HT).

Variables		NT, n=12		HT, n=12		Main effects (p-value, ηp²)
Variables		Pre	Post	Pre	Post	Ox	T	Ex	Ox*T	Ox*Ex	T*Ex	OxTEx
SOD [U/gHb]	rest	1248.2 ± 92.4	1215.1 ± 78.0	1250.0 ± 108.0	1152.5 ± 115.5	0.233 (0.126)	0.708 (0.031)	0.001 (0.615)	0.961 (0.000)	0.008 (0.484)	0.193 (0.148)	0.498 (0.043)
SOD [U/gHb]	max	1195.2 ± 59.5	1195.0 ± 59.3	1195.0 ± 68.9	1250.6 ± 54.1	0.233 (0.126)	0.708 (0.031)	0.001 (0.615)	0.961 (0.000)	0.008 (0.484)	0.193 (0.148)	0.498 (0.043)
GPX [U/gHb]	rest	47.0 ± 6.5	48.0 ± 8.5	48.1 ± 8.2	54.2 ± 6.1	0.008 (0.482)	0.034 (0.347)	0.000 (0.733)	0.104 (0.222)	0.175 (0.160)	0.501 (0.042)	0.147 (0.181)
GPX [U/gHb]	max	54.7 ± 7.4	55.0 ± 9.4	55.7 ± 6.9	58.3 ± 8.6	0.008 (0.482)	0.034 (0.347)	0.000 (0.733)	0.104 (0.222)	0.175 (0.160)	0.501 (0.042)	0.147 (0.181)
CAT [U/gHb]	rest	214.9 ± 38.5	219.6 ± 33.0	224.3 ± 27.9	234.5 ± 38.6	0.228 (0.129)	0.085 (0.246)	0.000 (0.785)	0.298 (0.098)	0.692 (0.015)	0.351 (0.079)	0.804 (0.006)
CAT [U/gHb]	max	229.6 ± 18.6	232.5 ± 17.2	230.6 ± 15.4	235.8 ± 6.5	0.228 (0.129)	0.085 (0.246)	0.000 (0.785)	0.298 (0.098)	0.692 (0.015)	0.351 (0.079)	0.804 (0.006)
GSH [μg/mgHb]	rest	2.9 ± 0.5	2.9 ± 0.7	2.9 ± 0.5	2.8 ± 0.5	0.365 (0.075)	0.221 (0.133)	0.020 (0.404)	0.025 (0.379)	0.010 (0.468)	0.366 (0.075)	0.092 (0.237)
GSH [μg/mgHb]	max	3.0 ± 0.5	3.1 ± 0.5	3.2 ± 0.7	2.7 ± 0.4#	0.365 (0.075)	0.221 (0.133)	0.020 (0.404)	0.025 (0.379)	0.010 (0.468)	0.366 (0.075)	0.092 (0.237)

SOD-superoxide dismutase; GPX- glutathione peroxidase; CAT-catalase; GSH- reduced glutathione. Ox-oxygen conditions; T-training and Ex-exercise effects. Data are means and SD.#p < 0.05 significant differences between post - HT vs. post – NT.