Quantifying Running Economy in Amateur Runners: Evaluating VO and Energy Cost with Model-based Normalization

Table 4. Correlations between different RE expressions and running performance.

Intensity	Gender	RE	r
Intensity	Gender	RE	Expressions	Means±SD
55%VO_2max	Male	kcal/kg/min	0.16±0.02	0.35^*
		kcal/kg^0.53/min	1.16±0.13	0.43^*
		ml/kg/min	32.49±4.15	0.35^*
		ml/kg^0.52/min	243.59±27.46	0.42^*
	Female	kcal/kg/min	0.13±0.02	0.34^*
		kcal/kg^0.63/min	0.56±0.09	0.35^*
		ml/kg/min	25.56±4.59	0.33
		ml/kg^0.63/min	109.97±18.88	0.35^*
65%VO_2max	Male	kcal/kg/min	0.19±0.02	0.41^*
		kcal/kg^0.48/min	1.63±0.17	0.51^**
		ml/kg/min	37.57±4.63	0.41^*
		ml/kg^0.48/min	330.31±34.67	0.51^**
	Female	kcal/kg/min	0.15±0.02	0.45^**
		kcal/kg^0.67/min	0.55±0.09	0.46^**
		ml/kg/min	29.87±5.10	0.44^**
		ml/kg^0.68/min	107.99±17.91	0.45^**
75%VO_2max	Male	kcal/kg/min	0.21±0.03	0.41^*
		kcal/kg^0.44/min	2.16±0.25	0.50^**
		ml/kg/min	41.89±5.67	0.40^*
		ml/kg^0.43/min	453.96±52.19	0.50^**
	Female	kcal/kg/min	0.17±0.03	0.27
		kcal/kg^0.81/min	0.37±0.05	0.27
		ml/kg/min	34.83±5.28	0.26
		ml/kg^0.79/min	79.17±11.81	0.26
Overall	Male	kcal/kg/min	0.19±0.02	0.41^*
		kcal/kg^0.48/min	1.64±0.17	0.51^*
		ml/kg/min	37.31±4.62	0.41^*
		ml/kg^0.47/min	340.64±35.77	0.51^*
	Female	kcal/kg/min	0.15±0.02	0.37^*
		kcal/kg^0.71/min	0.47±0.07	0.38^*
		ml/kg/min	30.09±4.74	0.36^*
		ml/kg^0.71/min	95.04±14.52	0.37^*

*, p < 0.05**, p < 0.01.