Table 4. Descriptive statistics (mean ± standard deviation) and inferential statistics for the within- and between-group comparisons for the overall participants.
Indicators and Groups Pre Mid Post Change scores
with 95% CI		 Between-group differences
at Post (adjusted means)		 ES (95%CI)
Body mass
(kg)		 SSG (n = 30) 69.49 ± 11.41 66.40 ± 11.03 64.25 ± 10.80* -5.24 (-5.97, -4.51) SSG vs HIIT: 0.040 (-6.623, 6.703) 0.004 (-0.502, 0.510)
HIIT (n = 30) 70.15 ± 10.86 66.50 ± 10.36 64.21 ± 10.05* -5.94 (-6.67, -5.22) SSG vs CG: -4.858 (-11.521, 1.805) -0.464 (-1.00,0.79)
CG (n = 30) 69.69 ± 10.14 69.58 ± 10.29 69.11 ± 10.13 -0.59 (-1.31, 0.14) HIIT vs CG: -4.898 (-11.561, 1.765) -0.485 (1.020,0.022)
BMI
(kg/m2)		 SSG (n = 30) 22.86 ± 2.94 21.82 ± 2.86 21.09 ± 2.73* -1.77 (-2.02, -1.52) SSG vs HIIT: -0.483 (-2.214, 1.247) -0.171(-0.678, 0.336)
HIIT (n = 30) 23.57 ± 3.15 22.35 ± 3.04 21.57 ± 2.91* -2.00 (-2.24, -1.75) SSG vs CG:-1.953 (-3.684, -0.223) -0.755 (-1.31,-0.20)
CG (n = 30) 23.28 ± 2.34 23.22 ± 2.33 23.04 ± 2.30 -0.24 (-0.48, 0.01) HIIT vs CG:-1.470 (-3.201, 0.261) -0.561 (-1.102, -0.021)
SBP
(mmHg)		 SSG (n = 30) 128.60 ± 3.71 125.57 ± 3.96 122.70 ± 3.88* -5.90 (-6.44, -5.36) SSG vs HIIT: 0.567 (-1.661, 2.795) 0.158 (-0.350, 0.664)
HIIT (n = 30) 128.40 ± 3.80 125.60 ± 3.58 122.13 ± 3.27* -6.27 (-6.80, -5.73) SSG vs CG:-5.433 (-7.661, -3.205) -1.466 (-1.98, -0.96)
CG (n = 30) 128.73 ± 3.43 128.67 ± 3.29 128.13 ± 3.53 -0.60 (-1.14, -0.06) HIIT vs CG:-6.000 (-8.228, -3.772) -1.764 (-2.253, -1.213)
DBP
(mmHg)		 SSG (n = 30) 83.60 ± 4.61 81.97 ± 4.48 80.20 ± 4.41* -3.40 (-4.11, -2.69) SSG vs HIIT: 0.433 (-2.065, 2.932) 0.112 (-0.395, 0.618)
HIIT (n = 30) 83.43 ± 3.52 81.73 ± 3.33 79.77 ± 3.27* -3.67 (-4.38, -2.96) SSG vs CG:--2.333 (-4.832,0.165) -0.562 (-1.04, -0.59)
CG (n = 30) 83.10 ± 3.70 82.77 ± 3.94 82.53 ± 3.89 -0.57 (-1.28, 0.14) HIIT vs CG:-2.767 (-5.265,-0.268) 0.77 (-1.274, -0.258)
Resting HR (bpm) SSG (n = 30) 72.30 ± 4.04 69.87 ± 4.08 66.83 ± 3.76* -5.47 (-6.18, -4.76) SSG vs HIIT:-0.533 (-2.721, 1.654) -0.156 (-0.663, 0.351)
HIIT (n = 30) 73.30 ± 3.77 71.07 ± 3.70 67.37 ± 3.02* -5.93 (-6.64, -5.22) SSG vs CG:-5.267 (-7.454, -3.079) -1.530 (-2.03, -1.02)
CG (n = 30) 72.73 ± 3.38 72.07 ± 3.16 72.10 ± 3.10 -0.63 (-1.34, 0.08) HIIT vs CG:-4.733 (-6.921,-2.546) -1.546 (-2.041, -1.000)
Handgrip
Left (kg)		 SSG (n = 30) 35.95 ± 6.11 37.03 ± 6.36 38.13 ± 6.40* -2.18 (-2.41, -1.96) SSG vs HIIT:0.873 (-3.018, 4.764) 0.136 (-0.371, 0.642
HIIT (n = 30) 35.92 ± 6.19 36.36 ± 6.47 37.26 ± 6.42* -1.34 (-1.56, -1.11) SSG vs CG:2.077 (-1.814, 5.968) 0.338 (-0.21, 0.87)
CG (n = 30) 35.74 ± 5.82 35.64 ± 5.98 36.06 ± 5.88* -0.32 (-0.55, -0.10) HIIT vs CG:1.203 (-2.688, 5.094) 0.2 (-0.32, 0.72)
Handgrip Right (kg) SSG (n = 30) 37.66 ± 5.89 39.32 ± 6.06 40.97 ± 6.37* -3.32 (-3.68,-2.95) SSG vs HIIT:-1.417 (-5.312, 2.478) 0.219 (-0.290, 0.726)
HIIT (n = 30) 37.76 ± 6.37 38.47 ± 6.45 39.56 ± 6.57* -1.80 (2.16,-1.43) SSG vs CG:-2.077 (-5.972, 1.818) 0.432 (-0.68, 0.95)
CG (n = 30) 37.94 ± 5.90 38.13 ± 5.95 38.31 ± 5.97* -0.36 (-0.76,-0.00) HIIT vs CG:-0.660 (-4.555, 3.235) 0.2 (-0.32, 0.74)
1RM (kg) SSG (n = 30) 46.73 ± 8.69 50.33 ± 8.84 53.57 ± 9.20* -6.83 (-7.41, -6.25) SSG vs HIIT: 0.333 (-5.189, 5.856) 0.035 (-0.471, 0.541)
HIIT (n = 30) 47.10 ± 8.83 50.73 ± 9.12 53.23 ± 9.65* -6.13 (-6.71, -5.55) SSG vs CG: 6.067 (0.544, 11.589) 0.694 (0.18,1.23)
CG (n = 30) 46.70 ± 7.94 47.17 ± 8.06 47.50 ± 8.27* -0.80 (-1.38, -0.22) HIIT vs CG:5.733 (0.211, 11.256) 0.638 (0.115,1.227)
20 m MFT (m) SSG (n = 30) 448.67 ± 117.29 536.00 ± 135.99 634.67 ± 133.80* 186.00 (169.98, 202.02) SSG vs HIIT: -12.667 (-95.538, 70.205) -0.099 (-0.605, 0.408)
HIIT (n = 30) 434.67 ± 120.91 544.00 ± 123.11 647.33 ± 121.99* 212.67 (196.65, 228.69) SSG vs CG: 184.667 (101.795, 267.538) 1.329 (0.80, 1.81)
CG (n = 30) 443.33 ± 144.71 446.00 ± 143.57 450.00 ± 144.01 6.67 (-9.35, 22.69) HIIT vs CG:197.333 (114.462, 280.205) 1.48 (0.97, 2.01)
VO2max
(ml/kg/min)		 SSG (n = 30) 33.41 ± 4.93 36.54 ± 5.79 40.40 ± 5.82* -6.99 (-7.76, -6.23) SSG vs HIIT: -0.553 (-3.885, 2.778) -0.098 (-0.596, 0.409)
HIIT (n = 30) 32.76 ± 4.36 36.62 ± 5.10 40.95 ± 5.51* -8.20 (-8.96, -7.43) SSG vs CG: 6.993 (3.662, 10.325) 1.237 (0.72, 1.77)
CG (n = 30) 33.32 ± 5.43 33.30 ± 5.56 33.41 ± 5.49 -0.09 (-0.85, 0.67) HIIT vs CG:7.547 (4.215, 10.878) 1.37 (0.88, 1.92)
SSG: small-side games; HIIT: high-intensity interval training; CG: control group; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HR: heart rate; 1RM: One – Repetition Maximum; 20-meter multi-stage fitness test (20 m MFT); VO2max: maximal oxygen uptake; * significantly differences between the pre and the post (p < 0.05).