Supplementary Table S19. Assessment of Publication Bias via Begg’s Rank Correlation and Egger’s Linear Regression Tests.
| Outcome Measure |
No. of Studies (n) |
Begg's Z-score |
Begg's P-value |
Egger's Bias Coeff. |
Egger's P-value |
Interpretation |
| 5 m Sprint |
10 |
1.16 |
0.245 |
0.759 |
0.195 |
No Bias |
| 20 m Sprint |
13 |
0.37 |
0.714 |
-0.332 |
0.669 |
No Bias |
| 30 m Sprint |
13 |
-0.73 |
0.464 |
-0.869 |
0.422 |
No Bias |
| 40 m Sprint |
8 |
0.00 |
1.000 |
-1.756 |
0.417 |
Not formally assessed due to <10 studies |
| SJ |
15 |
-0.35 |
0.729 |
5.204 |
0.893 |
No Bias |
| CMJ |
28 |
-0.43 |
0.664 |
-0.032 |
0.978 |
No Bias |
| COD |
17 |
0.99 |
0.323 |
1.399 |
0.167 |
No Bias |
| 1RM |
16 |
-0.72 |
0.471 |
-3.990 |
0.009 |
Significant Bias |
SJ: Squat Jump; CMJ: Countermovement Jump; COD: Change of Direction; 1RM: One-Repetition Maximum. Begg’s Test: Measures the rank correlation between the effect sizes and their variances. Z-scores and P-values are reported without continuity correction. Egger’s Test: A linear regression of the precision of the studies against the standardized effect. The "Bias" coefficient represents the intercept; a significant P-value (P < 0.05) indicates potential asymmetry and publication bias. Significance: Bolded values denote statistical significance (P < 0.05), indicating evidence of publication bias in the 1RM subgroup.
