Table 1. Examples of body composition models (Modified from Heymsfield et al., 1997). All units are in kilograms.
Level/ Level Model
Atomic/Atomic TBS = 0.062 x TBN

Atomic/Atomic

TBP = 0.456 x TBCa + 0.555 x TBK

Atomic/Molecular

TBCa = 0.364 x MO

Atomic/Molecular

TBN = 0.16 x protein

Atomic/Molecular

TBK = 0.00266 x fat-free body mass

Atomic/Molecular

Carbon = 0.774 x fat

Atomic/Molecular

TBS = 0.010 x protein

Atomic/Molecular

TBK = 0.00469 x body cell mass

Atomic/Whole body

TBH = 0.10 x BW

Atomic/Molecular

TBW = 0.732 x fat-free body mass

Atomic/Molecular

Glycogen = 0.044 x protein

Whole body/Atomic

BW = O + C + H + N + Ca +P + S + K + Na +Cl + Mg

Atomic/Molecular

BW = lipids + water + protein + MO + MS + glycogen

Atomic/Molecular

BW = fat + fat-free body mass

Whole body/Cellular

BW = cell mass + extracellular fluids + extracellular solids
Whole body/Tissue-System BW = adipose tissue + skeletal muscle + bone + viscera + blood + R

Whole body/ Whole body

BW = head + neck + trunk + lower extremities + upper extremities
Abbreviations: TB = Total body, MO = Bone mineral, BW = Body weight, MS = Soft tissue minerals,
R = Residues.