Table 3.
Means and standard deviations (in brackets) in seven dependent measures and TMD pre- and post-exercise performed at self-selected exercise intensity in the laboratory experiment. (NS = statistically not significant; > .05).
Dependent measure
Pre-Exercise
Post- Exercise
Effect size (
d
)
Significance
Anger
7.78 (2.49)
6.47 (1.02)
.53
p
= .001
Confusion
7.22 (2.41)
5.75 (1.14)
.61
p
= .001
Depression
8.25 (1.83)
7.38 (1.04)
.48
p
= .001
Fatigue
9.44 (3.25)
9.34 (3.82)
.03
NS
Self-esteem
17.38 (2.37)
18.75 (2.16)
.58
p
= .01
Tension
9.91 (3.60)
7.03 (1.33)
.80
p
= .001
Vigor
14.47 (4.47)
16.03 (4.96)
.35
NS
TMD
10.75(11.19)
1.19 (7.79)
.85
p
= .001