| Burke et al. 1996 |
32 (18 Male; 14 Female)
17-25 yrs
National level swimmers |
5g Creatine monohydrate + 2g
sucrose OR 5g polyglucose + 2g sucrose 4 x per day, 5 Days Randomised, double blinded |
Cycle ergometer
2 x 10sec maximal effort sprints 10mins rest between sprints |
No differences in work performed,
peak power, or time to peak power between
trials or between groups. |
| Grindstaff et al. 1997 |
18 (7 Male; 11 Female)~ 15 yrs Regionally / nationally competitive amateur swimmers |
21g Creatine monohydrate + 4.2g
maltodextrin OR 25.2g maltodextrin 9 Days Randomised, double blinded |
Swim bench ergometer 3x20sec maximal effort sprints 60sec rest between sprints |
Greater overall changes in work
performed by the creatine group than the
placebo group Significant improvements in work performed during sprint 1 only (7.8%) for the creatine group only. No differences in peak
power output between trials or
between groups. |
| Dawson et al. 2002 |
20 (10 Male; 10 Female)
~ 16 yrs
Competitive swimmers |
Acute loading period: 5g creatine
monohydrate + 1g glucose polymer OR 6g glucose polymer 4 x per day, 5 days Maintenance period: 5g creatine monohydrate OR 5g glucose polymer
1 x per day, 22 days
Randomised, single blinded |
Swim bench ergometer 2x30sec maximal effort sprints 10mins rest between sprints |
Significantly greater increases in total work performed in the creatine group (7.5%) compared to the placebo group (2.0%) |