Journal of Sports Science and Medicine

Intervention group

Control group

All (n = 11)

Female(n = 5)

All (n = 9)

Female (n = 7)

C_s at 1.1 m·s^-1(mL·m^-1)

Pre

43.9

(6.3)

39.7

(4.1)

38.4

(8.9)

35.2

(7.1)

Post

42.7

(6.6)

38.3

(3.5)

39.1

(6.3)

36.8

(5.1)

C_s at 1.1 m·s^-1(mL· ^-1·kg^-1)

Pre

0.75

(.09)

.74

(0.11)

.66

(.13)

.63

(.13)

Post

0.72

(.06)

.72

(0.08)

.66

(.12)

.65

(.14)

VO_2peak(L·min^-1)

Pre

3.26

(.64)

2.80

(0.20)

3.03

(.39)

2.87

(.15)

Post

3.28

(.69)

2.75

(0.30)

2.97

(.46)

2.77

(.16)

VO_2peak(mL·kg^-1·min^-1)

Pre

55.2

(4.6)

52.2

(3.8)

52.2

(5.0)

51.5

(5.3)

Post

55.0

(5.8)

51.5

(6.6)

50.0

(6.2)

48.7

(6.4)

V_E(L·min^-1)

Pre

97.4

(18.2)

86.2

(5.0)

94.2

(11.7)

90.3

(6.7)

Post

105.5

(19.7)**

92.3

(10.3)

91.9

(16.8)

85.7

(10.9)

Pre

1.14

(.06)† †

1.14

(.04)†

1.07

(.07)† †

1.04

(.03)†

Post

1.13

(.09)† †

1.10

(.08)† †

1.03

(.09)*† †

1.00

(.02)*† †

vVO_2peak(m·s^-1)

Pre

1.31

(.08)

1.28

(.08)

1.28

(.11)

1.27

(.10)

Post

1.32

(.07)

1.28

(.07)

1.29

(.12)

1.26

(.11)

HR_max(beats·min^-1)

194

(7)

195

(5)

186

(5)

188

(5)

C: Cost of swimming, m·s: meters per second, mL·m: millilitres per meter, VO: Peak oxygen uptake in swimming, L·min: liters per minute, V: Pulmonary ventilation, R: Respiratory exchange ratio, vVO: velocity during VO –measurement, HR: maximal heart rate during swimming, min: minute. * Significant change in group at p < 0.05. ** Significant change in group at p < 0.01. † Significant difference between intervention group and control group at p < 0.05. † † Significant difference between intervention group and control group at p < 0.01.