Table 1. Evidence for Spinal Reflexes. |
| Author |
Participants |
Vibration Method (type) |
Exercise
Type |
Frequency
(Hz) |
Amplitude
(mm) |
Duration |
Results |
| Armstrong et al., 2008 |
19 RA (8♂, 11 ♀) |
VV platform |
SS |
40 |
2-4mm |
1 min |
There was a significant suppression of the H-Reflex 1 min post-vibration. |
| Burke et al., 1976 |
18 H (♂, ♀ = NR) |
Direct vibration |
Static |
20-220 |
1.5 |
4 s |
Both primary and secondary spindle endings respond with repetitive discharge when vibration was applied to the tendon of the non-contracting muscle. The responses of the primary endings were reduced during muscle vibration |
| Cochrane et al., 2008 |
12 RA Young, 12 RA Old (6♂, 6 ♀) |
VV leg press |
SS & Jendrassik |
30 |
1 |
4 mins |
VV + Jendrassik contractionincreased VO2 by 27.6% for the old and 33% for the young group but there were no significant difference between the groups |
| Cochrane et al., 2009 |
9 RA (♂) |
SV platform
Control |
SS
SS |
60 |
3.10 |
15 s15 s |
6 Hz significantly increased muscle-tendon complex, contractile length, and EMG modulation compared to 0 Hz. |
| Hopkins et al., 2008 |
11 RA (6♂, 6 ♀)
11 RA (6♂, 6 ♀) |
SV platform
Control |
SS
SS |
260 |
~ 40 |
5 x 1 min0 |
Vibration did not show any significant changes in quadriceps stretch reflex amplitude or latency. |
| Melnyk et al., 2008 |
13 RA (♂, ♀=NR)
11 RA (♂, ♀=NR) |
VV platform
Normal activity |
SS
NA |
30NA |
4NA |
2 x 1 minNA |
Vibration significantly decreased tibial translation and significantly increased short latency response o lateral and medial hamstring muscles. |
| Nishihiraet al., 2002 |
17 HP (♂, ♀=NR) |
SV platform |
SS |
25 |
NR |
3 x 3mins |
The H/M ratio was significantly greater post-vibration compared to pre values. |
| Rittweger et al., 2003 |
19 RA (9♂, 10♀) |
SV platform |
DSto exhaustion |
260 |
60 |
349 s515 s |
Immediately post-vibration tendon patellar tendon reflex amplitude was significantly greater compared to exhaustive dynamic squatting without vibration. |
| Ritzmann et al., 2010 |
10 RA ♀ (5♂, 5♀) |
SV platform
Ankle Ergometer |
SS
Standing
upright |
5-30NA |
4NA |
10 s |
The ankle ergometer used to evoke the stretch reflex latency of tricep surae was almost identical to the latency of the same muscle group that received vibration, supporting the idea that vibration induces stretch reflexes. |
| Roll et al., 1989 |
27 H (♂, ♀ = NR) |
Direct vibration |
Static |
10-200 |
0.2-0.5 |
20 s |
Muscle spindle primary endings were the most sensitive to the vibration. |
|
= Recreationally active; = Healthy;= Side alternating vibration; = Vertical vibration; = Dynamic squat; = Static squat; = Not Applicable; = Not reported |
|