| Doan et al. (2006) |
n = 10 (M); n = 6 (F); no CNT; RA? |
age 19.3 ± 1.5 yr; M: average HCP zero. F: HCP 5-10 |
RT, MB, flexibility |
FW, 3 workouts: 3 x 10-12 reps (wk 1-5); 3 x 7-8 reps (wk 6-11). MB 2 x 10 reps (wk 1-5) and 4 x 8 reps (wk 6-11) |
11 wk; 3 d/wk |
Improvements in all exercises (relative strength +7-24%) |
+1.62% CHS (NS in M or F only groups) |
| Fletcher and Hartwell (2004) |
n = 11 (M)
(6 EXP, 5 CNT); RA |
age 29 ± 7.4 yr; HCP 5.5 ± 3.7 |
RT, plyometrics, stretching |
FW: 3 x 6-8 reps. Plyometrics: 4 exercises, 3 x 6 reps |
8 wk; 2 d/wk |
No results |
+1.5% CHS EXP; +4.3% DD EXP |
| Hetu et al. (1998) |
n = 17 (12 M, 5 F); no CNT; no RA |
age 52.4 ± 6.7 yr |
RT, plyometrics, flexibility |
FW and body-weight: 2 x 10-12 reps to 2 x 6-8 reps with heavier loads; MB: 2 x 15 reps |
8 wk; 2 d/wk |
+6.2% Grip; +14.2% CP; +8.1% LE; +38.8% sit-reach; +47.3% TR |
+6.3% CHS |
| Landford (1976) |
n = 16 (M);
n = 5 (F); RA EXP; n = 16 (M); n = 5 (F) RA CNT |
age 18 to 56 yr; HCP 0-27 EXP; HCP 0-21 CNT |
RT |
8 exercises; 2 sets. 1, 6, 20 and 30 reps depending on the exercise |
10 wk; 3 d/wk |
Gains for EXP in BP, RGS and LGS |
M: increase in DD in EXP. F: NS for EXP. DD correlated to BP, RGS, LGS |
| Lephart et al. (2007) |
n = 15 (M) |
age 47.2 ± 11.4yr; HCP 12.1 ± 6.4 |
RT, flexibility, balance |
Elastic resistance tubing: 3 x 10-15 reps bilateral |
8 wk; 3-4 d/wk |
TR (+8.9% LT 60°/s; +7.5% RT 60°/s; +13.3% RT 120 °/s), isometric (+8.6% LH abd; +9.9% RH abd) |
+7.7% CD; +6.8% TD; +5.0% BS; +5.2% CHS |
| Lennon(1999) |
Study A: n = 14; CNT; RA Study B: n = 28 (M) |
A: age 16 ± 0.4yr; HCP ? B: ? |
A: RT and flexibility B: RT, flexibility, endurance, balance |
Unspecified |
A: 8 wk; 4 d/wk B: 1 yr; 4 d/wk |
A: grip strength, leg strength. NS changes CNT B: improvements, unspecified |
A: greater distance, unspecified B: Best-ever performance, unspecified |
| Pinter (1992) |
n = 25 (M); RA in 4 groups (n = 7 each plus n = 7 CNT) |
age 19 to 23 yr; HCP < 4 |
RT, flexibility, or combination of both |
A: RT group: FW: 3 x 10 rep (60% RM) to 3 x 4 rep (85% RM); B: Flexibility training; C: RT (same as A) + 6 flexibility exercises; D: CNT (no strength or flexibility training) |
8 wk; 3 d/wk |
Not assessed |
NS changes pre-post |
| Reyes(2002) |
n = 19 (10 EXP, 9 CNT); no RA |
age 32 to 84 yr; HCP 17 ± 9 EXP; HCP 21 ± 8 CNT |
RT |
Isometric training; 12 exercises; heaviest load that can be held for 10 to 20 s in each exercise |
7 wk |
Increase in mean strength |
NS correlation between increase in strength and DD |
| Seiler et al. (2006) |
n = 10 EXP; n = 10 CNT |
EXP: age 15 ± 2 yr; HCP 13. CNT: age 15.8 ± 2 yr; HCP 6 |
Core and RST (EXP), traditional RT (CNT) |
Unspecified |
9 + 2 wk |
No results |
CHS: +3.8% EXP, +1.2% CNT |
| Thompson and Osness (2004) |
n = 31 (M); (19 EXP, 12 CNT); RA |
age 65.1 ± 6.2 yr; all HCP levels |
RT, flexibility |
Weight-training machines: 10 upper- and lower-body exercises: 1 x 12 reps (80% RM) |
8 wk |
+60.4% BC; +35.6% CP; +38.3% SP; +36.9% SR; +41.1% LP; +38.5% LE |
CHS: +2.7% EXP |
| Thompson et al. (2007) |
n = 18 (M) (11 EXP, 7 CNT); RA |
age 70.7 ± 7.1yr |
RT, endurance, flexibility, balance, rotational power |
Stability ball training: 1 x 15reps (wk 1-2); 2 x 12-15 reps (wk 3-4); 3 x 12 reps (wk 5-6); 3 x 8reps (wk 7-8) |
8 wk; 90 min/wk |
Improvements in chair stand test and step test |
CHS: +4.9% |
| Westcott et al. (1996) |
n = 17 (13 M, 4 F); n = 5 CNT; no RA |
age 57 yr |
RT, flexibility |
Weight-training machines: load that allowed 8 to 12 reps |
8 wk; 3 d/wk |
+56% 10RM LE; NS for CNT |
CHS: +6% EXP |