Table 4. The acute effects of WBV on neurological conditions. Reference Ability assessed* Outcome measure†  AT‡ WBV W-G sig§ Control(s) W-G sig** B-G sig† †  Exercise protocol‡‡ Multiple Sclerosis Schuhfried et al. 2005) Bal & Mob Post sw (sc) FRT (mm) TUG (s) (csc) 15min 1 week 2 weeks 15min 1 week 2 weeks 15min 1 week 2 weeks ↑ 5.8 (9.7) ↑ 7.0 (5.0) ↑ 6.3 (10.1) ↑ 0.3 (40.1) ↑ 32.8 (71.6) ↑ 7.8 (65.4) ↑ -0.6 (0.6) ↑ -1.0 (1.1) ↑ -1.2 (1.1) ↓ -1.2 (6.5) ↑ 0.3 (5.8) ↑ 3.8 (2.5) ↑ -6.1 (33.1) ↑ 34.4 (42.0) ↑ 35.3 (64.5) ↑ 0.1 (0.8) ↑ 0.6 (0.8) ↑ -0.3 (0.6) Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø (*) Ø V: 5x1min of WBV + 1min rest between PL: 5x1min of TENS + 1min rest between SP Jackson et al. (2008) Strength IPT (Q/H) 2Hz (Nm) IPT (Q/H) 26Hz (Nm) (csc) 1min 10min 20min 1min 10min 20min Ø â†‘ 108.5 (34.4)/ Ø Ø Ø â†‘ 111.5 (36.5)/ Ø Ø N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø 30s, SP Parkinson’s Disease Haas et al. (2006a) Mot Imp UPDRS V1 (sc) UPDRS V2 (sc) Immed Immed ↑ 16.8% in V1 ↑ 14.7% in V2 -- Ø V1: 5x1min + 1min rest (V-REST) V2: 1min rest + 5x1min (REST-V), SP Haas et al. (2006b) Prop KAng min av (0) KAng max av (0) Immed Immed Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø Ø V: 5x1min + 1min rest, 10 extension-flexion cycles, SP Turbanski et al. (2005) Bal Post sw NS (cm) Post sw TS (cm) Immed ↑ 14.9% ↑ 24% ↑ 7.1% Ø Ø (*) V: 5x1min, SP Stroke Tihanyi et al. (2007) Strength EPT Xt (Nm) IPT Xt (Nm) Immed ↑ 22,2% ↑ 36,6% Ø Ø (*) (*) V: 5x1min + 1 min rest between, SP Van Nes et al. (2004) Bal RMS COP (m/s) Immed velocity ↓ when eyes closed Shift speed ↑ Ø Ø ---- V: 1st: BA + FE 2nd: BA + rest +WBV 4x45sec +1min rest between, SP 3rd: BA +rest 4th: BA Balance & Mobility (Bal & Mob); Motor Impairment (Mot Imp); Proprioception (Prop) Postural sway (Post sw); Score (sc); Change score (csc); Functional Reach Test (FRT); Timed-Up-and-Go test (TUG); Isometric peak torque (IPT); Quadriceps (Q); Hamstrings (H); Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS); Knee angles (KAng); Average (av); Vibration followed by rest (V1); Rest followed by vibration (V2); Narrow standing (NS); Tandem standing (TS); Eccentric peak torque (EPT); Extensors (Xt); Isometric peak torque (ITP); Root Mean Square centre of pressure (RMS COP) Assessment Time (AT); Immediately (Immed) Whole-Body Vibration (WBV); Within-group significance (W-G sig); Statistically significant increase (↑); No significant change (ø); Statistically significant decrease (↓) Between-group significance (B-G sig); Significant difference between groups (*); Change not reported (--) Vibration (V); Placebo (PL); Static position (SP); Balance assessment (BA); Functional evaluation (FE)