| Maughan and Miller (1983)c,d |
Retrospective
Injury
Questionnaire |
Marathon
M & F
(32 ± 8 y ) |
6
months |
Y |
N |
N |
497 |
287 |
358 |
| Linde (1986)c |
Prospective Injury
Questionnaire |
Orienteers
M & F
(19 – 34 y) |
1
year |
Y |
N |
N |
42 |
_* |
73 |
| Collins et al. (1989)c |
Retrospective
Injury
Questionnaire |
Triathlon
M & F
(mean age: 32 y) |
1
year |
Y |
S |
N |
257 |
_* |
105 |
| van Mechelen et al. (1993)b |
RCT
(Prospective
Questionnaire) |
Recreational
M (adults) |
16
weeks |
Y |
N |
MO |
327 |
_* |
49 |
| Jakobsen et al. (1994)c,d |
Prospective Controlled Trial (Prospective Questionnaire) |
Recreational
M & F
(24 – 56 y) |
1
year |
Y |
S |
N |
20 |
13 |
21 |
| Wen et al. (1998)d |
Cross-Sectional Associative Study
(Retrospective Questionnaire) |
Experienced / Marathon
Runners
M & F
(20 – 78 y) |
1
year |
Y |
N |
N |
304 |
136 |
217 |
| Williams et al. (2001) |
Cross-Sectional Associative Study
(Retrospective
Questionnaire) |
Amateur
M & F
(18 – 50 y) |
_ |
Y |
N |
N |
40 |
_* |
134 |
| Chorley et al. (2002)d |
Retrospective
Injury
Questionnaire |
Novice
& Amateur
M & F
(mean age: 34 y) |
3
years |
Y |
N |
N |
1548 |
590 |
977 |
| Taunton et al. (2003)a,b |
Prospective
Injury
Questionnaire |
Recreational
M & F
(<30 - >56y) |
13
weeks |
Y |
N |
Y |
840 |
249 |
_* |
| Taunton et al. (2002)a,b,c |
Retrospective Analysis of
Medical Records |
Amateur
M & F
(mean age: 34 y) |
2
years |
Y |
Y |
Y |
2002 |
2002 |
2002 |
| Lun et al. (2004)d |
Cross-Sectional Associative Study
(Retrospective
Questionnaire) |
Recreational M & F
(≥18 y) |
_ |
Y |
N |
N |
87 |
80 |
170 |
| McKean et al. (2006)d |
Retrospective
Injury
Questionnaire |
Amateur Young (_ y) and Masters (>40y)
M & F |
1
year |
S |
S |
N |
2825 |
1309 |
2271 |
| Van Middelkoop et al. (2008)b,d |
Retrospective
Injury
Questionnaire |
Marathon
Participants
M |
1
year |
Y |
N |
MO |
694 |
397 |
550 |
| Knobloch et al. (2008)c |
Cross-Sectional / Retrospective Exposure and Injury Questionnaire |
Master Athletes
M & F
(42 ± 9 y) |
Last
season |
Y |
Y |
N |
291 |
_* |
677 |
| Van Ginckel et al. (2009) |
Prospective
associative study |
Novice M & F
(39 ± 10 y) |
10
weeks |
Y |
S |
N |
129 |
_* |
69 |
| Ryan et al. (2011)a,d |
RCT (Prospective Questionnaire) |
Recreational F
(18 – 50y) |
13
weeks |
Y |
N |
FO |
81 |
26 |
194 |
| Lopes et al. (2011)a,b,d |
Cross Sectional Survey |
Recreational
5-10km M & F
(≥ 18 y) |
Current |
Y |
N |
Y |
1049 |
227 |
_* |
| Bredeweg et al. (2012) |
RCT
(Prospective Questionnaire) |
Novice
M & F
(18-65y) |
13
weeks |
Y |
N |
N |
362 |
_* |
58 |
| Chang et al. (2012)d |
Retrospective
Injury
Questionnaire |
Recreational 10km – Marathon M & F
(20 – 50y) |
_ |
Y |
N |
N |
893 |
396 |
604 |
| Hespanhol Junior et al. (2012)c,d |
Retrospective
Injury
Questionnaire |
Recreational
M & F
(43 ± 10.5 y) |
1
year |
Y |
S |
N |
200 |
110 |
110* |
| Vadeboncoeur et al. (2012)a,d |
Cross-Sectional Associative Study
(Retrospective
Questionnaire) |
Recreational Half-M
/ Marathon
M & F
(24 – 70y) |
30
days |
Y |
N |
Y |
194 |
62 |
62* |
| Hendricks and Phillips (2013)d |
Prospective
Injury
Questionnaire |
Club Level
M & F (≥ 19 y) |
16
weeks |
Y |
N |
N |
50 |
16 |
50 |
| Rasmussen et al. (2013)d |
Retrospective
Injury
Questionnaire |
Recreational Marathon
M & F
(41 ± 10 y) |
12
months |
Y |
N |
N |
662 |
68 |
_* |
| Hespanhol Junior et al. (2013)d |
Prospective
Injury
Questionnaire |
Recreational
M & F
(43 ± 11 y) |
12
weeks |
Y |
N |
N |
191 |
60 |
84 |
| Ogwumike and Adeniyi (2013)d |
Cross Sectional Survey |
Marathon
Participants |
_ |
Y |
N |
N |
920 |
153 |
254 |
| Nielsen et al. (2014)a,b,c,d |
Prospective
Cohort Study |
Novice
M & F
(18 – 65 y) |
1
year |
Y |
Y |
Y |
930 |
254 |
_* |
| Theisen et al. (2014)d |
RCT
(Prospective Questionnaire) |
Recreational
M & F
(42 ± 10 y) |
5
months |
Y |
N |
N |
247 |
69 |
_* |
| Malisoux et al. (2015)d |
Prospective
Cohort Study |
Amateur
M & F (>18y) |
22
weeks |
Y |
N |
N |
264 |
87 |
_* |
| Altman and Davis (2016)c |
Prospective
Cohort Study |
Competitive Amateur M & F
(18 – 50y) |
1
year |
Y* |
Y |
N |
201 |
_* |
154 |
| Kerr et al. (2016)a,b |
Retrospective Analysis of
Medical Records |
Collegiate
M&F |
4
years |
Y |
N |
Y |
_* |
_* |
476 |
| Teixeira et al. (2016)d |
Cross Sectional Interview
(Retrospective Pain Recall) |
Elite Marathon M & F
(30 – 39y) |
12
months |
Y |
N |
N |
199 |
149 |
235 |
| van der Worp et al. (2016)a,d |
Prospective
Cohort Study |
Recreational
5 – 10km F
(39 ± 12 y) |
12
weeks |
Y |
N |
FO |
373 |
93 |
102 |
| Malisoux et al. (2016a)d |
RCT |
Recreational
M & F
18 – 65y |
6
months |
Y |
N |
N |
553 |
136 |
136* |
| Hespanhol Junior et al. (2016)c,d |
Prospective
Cohort Study
(Retrospective & Prospective Questionnaire) |
Recreational
M & F
44 y ± 11 y |
_
12
weeks |
Y |
Y |
N |
89
89 |
49
24 |
78
33 |
| Smits et al. (2016) |
Prospective
Cohort |
Novice
M & F
18 – 65y |
6
weeks |
Y |
N |
N |
_* |
135 |
150 |
| Hespanhol Junior et al. (2017a)c,d |
Prospective
Cohort |
Trail
M&F
43.4 y |
14
months |
Y |
Y |
N |
223 |
148 |
242 |