Table 5.
Results of univariate logistic regression analysis, injury versus injury-free runners.
Variable
OR (95% CI)
P
Sex (male
R
)
0.85 (0.65-1.13)
0.27
Age
1.0 (0.98-1.02)
0.97
Obsessive passion
1.36 (1.22-1.52)
<0.001
*
BREQ-2
1.04 (0.99-1.08)
0.122
*
Sleep quality
1.24 (1.17-1.31)
<0.001
*
RAND 36-items
0.97 (0.95-0.98)
<0.001
*
SQUASH
1.00 (1.00-1.00)
0.43
Running distance (km)
Up to 10
R
Reference
Between 10 & 20
1.0 (0.72-1.39)
0.99
Over 20
1.75 (1.24-2.48)
0.002
*
Running Experience (years)
Up to 2
R
Reference
Between 2 & 5
0.80 (0.57-1.12)
0.20
Over 5
1.27 (0.87-1.83)
0.22
Training sessions (No/pw)
Up to 3
R
Reference
Over 3
0.91 (0.67-1.22)
0.52
Running duration (min/session)
Up to 60
R
Reference
Over 60
1.54 (1.16-2.05)
0.003
*
BMI
Normal
R
Reference
Overweight
1.45 (1.01-2.09)
0.043
*
Obese
0.61 (0.17-2.19)
0.45
Foot type
Normal
R
Reference
Pes planus
2.12 (1.42-3.17)
<0.001
*
Pes cavus
2.92 (1.48-5.74)
0.002
*
Training surface
Hard
1.30 (1.14-1.48)
<0.001
*
Soft
0.95 (0.78-1.15)
0.60
Treadmill
0.88 (0.75-1.02)
0.08
*
Others
1.11 (0.90-1.41)
0.35
Running company (alone
R
)
1.28 (0.95-1.73)
0.11
*
Running program (no
R
)
1.35 (1.02-1.78)
0.036
*
Other sports (No
R
)
1.50 (1.06-2.12)
0.022
*
Special shoes (yes
R
)
1.24 (0.92-1.68)
0.16
*
Special insole (yes
R
)
1.32 (1.03-2.27)
0.11
*
Warm-up (yes
R
)
1.48 (0.87-2.50)
0.15
*
Cool-down (yes
R
)
0.97 (0.67-1.41)
0.86
Foot strike
Rearfoot
R
Reference
Midfoot
1.22 (0.94-2.00)
0.088
*
Forefoot
0.98 (0.68-1.42)
0.92
R
reference values.
* variables entered into multivariable logistic analysis for injured vs. non-injured runners.