| Born et al (2020) |
9 |
N=21: 9M, 12F
National/International Level |
EG1: 17.1 ± 2.6
EG2: 17.1 ± 2.7 |
Maximal strength or vertical jump trainings (6-week)
EG1: Maximal Strength Training
EG2: Vertical Jump Training
CG: N/A |
FC Start
Performance Test |
Kinematic Parameters:
Time on the block
Takeoff horizontal velocity
Takeoff angle
Kinetic Parameters:
Peak power
Peak resultant horizontal & vertical force
Peak horizontal rear foot force
Peak resultant grab force
|
| Karpinski et al (2020) |
12 |
N=16: 16M
National level |
EG: 20.2 ± 1.17
CG: 20.0 ± 1.9 |
Core strengthening training
(6-week)
EG: Core Strengthening Training
CG: Normal Training |
FC Swim Block Start & Turn
Performance |
Start Performance
Entry Distance & Velocity
Time in the air (Flight Time)
Dive angle
Reaction time (Start Time)
Turn Performance
Time 5m after flip turn
Average Velocity after the flip
|
| Rejman et al (2017) |
6 |
N=9: 9M
National Level |
Overall:
21.89 ± 3.41 |
Plyometric training (6-week)
EG: Plyometric training
CG: N/A |
Swimming Block Start Performance |
Temporal Parameters:
Start, Take off, Flight, and Glide time
Spatial Parameters:
Take-off, Entry, Glide angle
Velocities:
Average & Instantaneous Take-off, Flight, & Glide velocities |
| Bishop et al (2009) |
13 |
N=22: Sex: Not mentioned
Regional Level |
EG: 13.1 ± 1.4
CG: 12.6 ± 1.9 |
Plyometric training (8-week)
EG: Plyometric training
CG: Normal Training |
Swimming Block Start Performance |
Start Performance
Swim time to 5.5m
Angle out of blocks (Dive Angle)
Angle of entry into water (Entry Angle)
Distance to head contact (Flight
Distance)
Time to head contact (Flight Time)
Velocity of take-off to contact
|
| Rebutini et al (2016) |
9 |
N=10: 7M, 3F
Competitive or regularly trained |
M: 22 ± 1.4
F: 21.3 ± 7.6 |
Plyometric long jump training
(9-week)
EG: Plyometric long jump training
CG: N/A |
Swimming Block
Start Performance |
Kinematic Parameters
Horizontal & Vertical Displacement of Centre of Mass
Horizontal Velocity at Water Entrance
Horizontal & Vertical Take-off Velocity
Peak of Joint Angular Velocities of Hip and Knee
Kinetic Parameters
Rate of Torque Development of Hip & Knee
Peak Torque of Hip & Knee
Peak Horizontal & Vertical Force
Impulse
Angle of Resultant Force
|