| Konrad et al. (2017) |
79 men (23.3 ± 2.5 years) and 43 women (23.4 ± 3.7 years); IG: n = 23, CG: n = 21 |
PF |
Acute |
120 sec (30 sec * 4 sets) |
ROM maximum |
Between 0 and 100%ROM |
| Konrad et al. (2019) |
7 men (27.5 ± 8.3 years) and 7 women (24.9 ± 3.1 years) |
PF |
Acute |
300 sec (60 sec * 5 sets) |
Until a maximum tolerable stretch |
Between last 10 deg of ROM maximum |
| Oba et al. (2021) |
14 men (22.9 ± 1.0 years) |
PF |
Acute |
300 sec (60 sec * 5 sets) |
(a) 100%, (b) 75%, and (c) 50% of the maximal passive resistive torque |
Between 15-25 deg of ankle DF |
| Ryan et al. (2008) |
7 men (24±4 years) and 5 women (21 ± 1 years) |
PF |
Acute |
480 sec (30 sec * 16 sets) |
Point of discomfort |
At (a) 1, (b) 5, (c) 9, and (d) 13 deg of ankle DF (fourth-order polynomial regression) |
| Hatano et al. (2022) |
8 men (21.3 ± 0.7 years) and 8 women (20.9 ± 0.8 years) |
Ham |
Acute |
300 sec (300 sec * 1 set) |
100%ROM,
110%ROM,
120%ROM |
Between 50 and 100%ROM |
| Palmer et al. (2019) |
13 women (21 ± 2 years) |
Ham |
Acute |
120 sec (30 sec * 4 sets) |
Point of discomfort |
Between 90 and 100%ROM (fourth-order polynomial regression) |
| Rodrigues et al. (2017) |
12 men (22.2 ± 0.5 years) |
Ham |
Acute |
30 sec * 4 sets |
90%ROM |
Between last third of ROM maximum |
| Akagi et al. (2014) |
19 men (23.7 ± 2.3 years) |
PF |
Long-term |
10800 sec (360 sec * 6 times/week * 5 weeks) |
3 deg lower than the ROM |
Between 15 and 25 deg of ankle DF |
| Longo et al. (2021) |
18 men and 12 women
(22.7 ± 1.8 years); IG: n = 15 (22.3 ± 0.8 years), CG: n = 15 (23.4±0.8 years) |
PF |
Long-term |
27000 sec (450 sec * 5 times/week * 12 weeks) |
Maximally tolerable stretch within the pain limit |
At 20 deg of ankle DF (best polynomial regression) |
| Konrad et al. (2014) |
35 men (23.9 ± 2.9 years) and 14 women (22.5 ± 2.5 years); IG: n = 19, CG: n = 15 |
PF |
Long-term |
3600 sec (120 sec * 5 times/week * 6 weeks) |
Point of discomfort |
Between 0 and 100%ROM |
| LaRoche et al. (2006) |
29 men (31.6 ± 15.2 years) |
Ham |
Long-term |
3600 sec (300 sec * 3 times/week * 4 weeks) |
Point of mild discomfort |
Between 50 and 85 deg of knee extension |
| Gajdosik et al. (2007) |
10 women; IG: n = 6 (23 ± 4 years), CG: n = 4 (21 ± 1 years) |
PF |
Long-term |
4500 sec (150 sec * 5 times/week * 6 weeks) |
Not reported |
Between (a) 0 and 100%ROM and (b) last 10 deg of ankle DF (third order polynomial regression) |
| Brusco et al. (2019) |
13 men (23.6 ± 3.9 years) |
Ham |
Long-term |
5760 sec (480 sec * 2 times/week * 6 weeks) |
Maximum tolerable stretch amplitude irrespective of the timing or magnitude of pain onset |
Between last third angles relative to (a) the ROM maximum reached before and after training and (b) the same angle reached before training |
| Marshall et al. (2011) |
14 men and 8 women (22.7 ±3.8 years) |
Ham |
Long-term |
7200 sec (360 sec * 5 times/week * 4 weeks) |
Not reported |
Between 20-50 deg of knee extension |
| Kudo et al. (2002) |
8 men (24.6 ± 1.8 years) |
PF |
Long-term |
4500 sec (225 sec * 7 times/week * 2.9 weeks) |
35 deg of ankle dorsiflexion |
Between15 and 25 deg of ankle DF |
| Guissard et al. (2004) |
8 men and 4 women (21-35 years) |
PF |
Long-term |
18000 sec (600 sec * 5 times/week * 6 weeks) |
Maximum dorsiflexion tolerated by the participants |
Between 15 and 25 deg of ankle DF |
| Nakao et al. (2021) |
30 men (22.7 ± 2.2 years); IG: n = 15 (22.5 ± 2.9 years), CG: ne = 15 (22.9 ± 1.2 years) |
Ham |
Long-term |
3600 sec (300 sec * 3 times/week * 4 weeks) |
Point just before pain |
Between 50 and 100%ROM |