Table 1. Characteristics of participants. |
| Characteristics |
Overall |
Normal
cognition |
Cognitive
decline |
P |
| N |
3151 |
2263 |
888 |
|
| Age
(years) |
57.0
(50.0-63.0) |
56.00
(49.00-62.00) |
59.00
(53.00-66.00) |
<0.001 |
| Males,
n (%) |
1588 (50.4) |
1176 (52.0) |
412 (46.4) |
0.006 |
| Marriage,
n (%) |
|
<0.001 |
| Married
cohabitation |
2730 (86.6) |
2028 (89.6) |
702 (79.1) |
|
| Married
but separated |
137
(4.3) |
89
(3.9) |
48
(5.4) |
|
| Single |
284 (9.0) |
146 (6.5) |
138 (15.5) |
|
| Education,
n (%) |
|
<0.001 |
| Illiteracy |
516 (16.4) |
235 (10.4) |
281 (31.6) |
|
| Part
of primary school |
579
(18.4) |
377
(16.7) |
202
(22.7) |
|
| Primary
school |
831 (26.4) |
630 (27.8) |
201 (22.6) |
|
| Middle
school |
802
(25.5) |
674
(29.8) |
128
(14.4) |
|
| High
school and above |
423 (13.4) |
347 (15.3) |
76 (8.6) |
|
| BMI
[kg/m2, median (IQR)] |
23.6
(21.3-26.1) |
23.80
(21.4-26.3) |
22.94
(20.7-25.6) |
<0.001 |
| Smoke,
n (%) |
|
0.377 |
| Never |
1701
(54.0) |
1208
(53.4) |
493
(55.5) |
|
| Former |
564 (17.9) |
403 (17.8) |
161 (18.1) |
|
| All
the time |
886
(28.1) |
652
(28.8) |
234
(26.4) |
|
| Drink,
n (%) |
|
0.001 |
| Never |
1988
(63.1) |
1394
(61.6) |
594
(66.9) |
|
| Former |
292 (9.3) |
200 (8.8) |
92 (10.4) |
|
| All
the time |
871 (27.6) |
669 (29.6) |
202 (22.7) |
|
| Sleep
duration, n (%) |
|
0.002 |
| <
7 h |
1639 (52.0) |
1179 (52.1) |
460 (51.8) |
|
| 7-9
h |
1252 (39.7) |
921 (40.7) |
331 (37.3) |
|
| ≥
9 h |
260 (8.3) |
163 (7.2) |
97 (10.9) |
|
| Hypertension,
n (%) |
1221 (38.7) |
837 (37.0) |
384 (43.2) |
0.001 |
| Diabetes,
n (%) |
471 (14.9) |
329 (14.5) |
142 (16.0) |
0.33 |
| Heart
problems, n (%) |
354 (11.2) |
258 (11.4) |
96 (10.8) |
0.682 |
| Depression,
n (%) |
1016 (32.2) |
679 (30.0) |
337 (38.0) |
<0.001 |
| SP
[mmHg, median (IQR)] |
126.0 (114.0-140.3) |
125.33
(113.33-138.67) |
128.33
(115.33-144.33) |
<0.001 |
| DP
[mmHg, median (IQR)] |
75.3 (67.3-83.7) |
75.33 (67.33-83.67) |
75.00 (67.67-83.33) |
0.995 |
| Blood
glucose [mg/dl, median (IQR)] |
102.1 (94.0-113.3) |
101.70
(93.96-112.32) |
102.96
(93.96-115.42) |
0.068 |
| HbA1c
[mg/dl, median (IQR)] |
5.1 (4.9-5.4) |
5.10 (4.90-5.40) |
5.10 (4.90-5.50) |
0.236 |
| Cholesterol
[mg/dl, median (IQR)] |
190.6 (166.6-215.3) |
190.98
(166.24-215.34) |
189.24
(168.17-215.72) |
0.825 |
| Triglyceride
[mg/dl, median (IQR)] |
108.0 (76.1-158.4) |
107.97
(76.11-159.30) |
106.20
(75.89-155.76) |
0.467 |
| LDL-C
[mg/dl, median (IQR)] |
114.0 (92.4-137.0) |
113.66
(92.40-137.63) |
114.43
(93.56-135.70) |
0.938 |
| HDL-C
[mg/dl, median (IQR)] |
48.7 (39.8-59.1) |
48.33 (39.43-58.76) |
49.48 (40.21-59.92) |
0.103 |
| NHDL-C
[mg/dl, median (IQR)] |
139.2 (116.0-165.9) |
139.18
(115.98-165.46) |
138.21
(115.98-166.62) |
0.715 |
| Uric
acid [mg/dl, median (IQR)] |
4.3 (3.6-5.2) |
4.31 (3.56-5.18) |
4.32 (3.61-5.25) |
0.817 |
| C-reactive
protein [mg/dl, median (IQR)] |
1.0 (0.5-2.1) |
0.98 (0.55-2.03) |
1.06 (0.52-2.22) |
0.200 |
|
BMI, body mass index. DP, diastolic pressure. HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin. HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. IQR, interquartile range. LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. NHDL-C, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. SP, systolic pressure. PAC, physical activity score. |
|