Table 3. PICOS criteria for inclusion and exclusion.
Items Inclusion criteria Exclusion criteria
Population Male and/or female youth soccer players aged ≤18 years Participants aged >18 years
Intervention Bio-banding competition formats Not involving bio-banding competition formats
Comparison Chronological age-based groupings or mixed-maturity groupings No eligible comparator reported
Outcome Outcomes relate to task performance or talent identification Outcomes not related to task performance or talent identification
Study designs Non-randomized controlled trials, randomized controlled trials, and non-randomized non-controlled trials Review articles, book chapters, and conference
proceedings