Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
ISSN: 1303 - 2968   
Ios-APP Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
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©Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2003) 02, 139 - 143

Research article
A New Approach to Modeling Vertical Stiffness in Heel-Toe Distance Runners
Iain Hunter 
Author Information
Department of Physical Education, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA

Iain Hunter
✉ Brigham Young University, 120D Richards Building, Provo, UT 84602, USA
Email: iain_hunter@byu.edu
Publish Date
Received: 07-06-2003
Accepted: 10-10-2003
Published (online): 01-12-2003
 
 
ABSTRACT

Various models have been used to describe distance running technique. Among these, the mass-spring model is fairly simple to use and apply, but when employed as a model, does not predict vertical force accurately especially when a heel strike is exhibited. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate how the mass-spring model can be modified to provide a simple, yet accurate prediction of ground reaction forces in distance running. Sixteen subjects ran on a force instrumented treadmill. Vertical forces during running at a self-selected pace were collected at 500 Hz. Vertical stiffness was calculated using the conventional mass-spring model with a constant stiffness and then a high-low method where stiffness was varied from a high to low value during the heel strike. Fishers z-test was used to compare correlations between predicted and measured ground reaction forces for each method of calculating stiffness. The high-low method of calculating stiffness provided a better fit of predicted to measured ground reaction forces than the constant stiffness method (p < 0.01). The high-low method of calculating stiffness avoids the difficulties of applying multiple masses, springs, or dampers while simply, yet accurately matching predicted to measured ground reaction forces.

Key words: Leg stiffness, modeling, leg spring


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