Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
ISSN: 1303 - 2968   
Ios-APP Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
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©Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2023) 22, 790 - 796   DOI: https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2023.790

Research article
A New Index to Evaluate Running Coordination Based on Notational Analysis
Jesús Martínez-Sobrino1, José Antonio Navia2, Juan Del Campo-Vecino3, Pedro Jiménez-Reyes4, Santiago Veiga-Fernández1, 
Author Information
1 Departamento de Deportes, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
2 Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
3 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Facultad de formación de Profesorado y Educación, Madrid, Spain
4 Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain

Santiago Veiga-Fernández
✉ Departamento de Deportes, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Email: santiago.veiga@upm.es
Publish Date
Received: 21-07-2023
Accepted: 22-11-2023
Published (online): 01-12-2023
 
 
ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was 1) to define a new index to describe running coordination, named % of coordination, and 2) to examine whether it could represent an order parameter in relation to running velocity. Twelve international middle-distance athletes (six males and six females) performed three trials at easy, 5000 m pace and sprint velocities while filmed from a lateral view at 240 Hz. Notational analysis of six lower-limb key events corresponding to touchdown, mid-stance and flight phases was performed with high values of intra- (maximum standard deviation = 7 ms) and inter-operator (maximum systematic bias = 6 ms) reliability. Running velocity manipulations resulted in substantial and progressive increases in stride length, stride frequency (all p’s < 0.001) and % of coordination (p < 0.001; η²p = 0.77), while duty factor showed a progressive reduction (p < 0.001, R2c = 0.86). However, % of coordination depended on the stride phase (p < 0.001; η²p = 0.78), with greater time gaps between key events in touchdown and mid-stance than in the flight phase. Results confirmed that % of coordination can illustrate changes in movement organisation, representing an easy tool for evaluating the running technique of competitive athletes.

Key words: Biomechanics, motor control, dynamical systems, performance, running


           Key Points
  • A new running coordination index to evaluate the patterns of running coordination was obtained from notational analysis of the running cycle.
  • % of coordination in the touchdown, mid-stance and flight phases increased according to increases in the running velocity.
  • A lower % of coordination was detected at touchdown and mid-stance compared to the flight phase.
 
 
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