Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
ISSN: 1303 - 2968   
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©Journal of Sports Science and Medicine ( 2025 )  24 ,  901  -  909   DOI: https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2025.901

Research article
Using Inertial Measurement Units to Quantify External Load in Men's Singles Badminton Matches: Insights from Set Outcomes and Score Gaps
Zhenxiang Guo1,†, Leyi Jiang2,†, Chunlong Liu1, Zhihua Yang1, Shenglei Qin3, Dongting Jiang4, Dapeng Bao5, Jin Dai1, , Haoyang Liu6, 
Author Information
1 Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
2 School of Strength and Conditioning Training, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
3 China Football College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
4 School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
5 China Institute of Sport and Health Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
6 School of Sports Engineering, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
These authors contributed equally to this work


Jin Dai
✉ Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
Email: daijin@bsu.edu.cn

Haoyang Liu
✉ Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
Email: liuhaoyang@bsu.edu.cn
Publish Date
Received: 07-08-2024
Accepted: 10-10-2025
Published (online): 01-11-2025
Narrated in English
 
 
ABSTRACT

Quantifying external load using kinematic variables from inertial devices provides crucial insights into player performance. This study analyzed load variables in men's singles badminton matches, differentiating between set outcomes (winners vs. losers) across different score gaps (0-5, 6-10, >10 points). Data were collected from 18 highly trained players (110 sets) using the Catapult Vector S7 microtechnology units, housed with a 100hz accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer. The results indicated that set winners exhibited a lower player load (estimated difference [ED] and 95% CI = -14.1 [-26.20, -1.78], p = 0.023), covered less distance (ED = -134.84 [-248.99, -17.01], p = 0.02), performed fewer explosive efforts (defined as the sum of high-intensity accelerations, decelerations, and changes of direction [COD]) (ED = -19.75 [-31.85, -7.33], p = 0.002), CODs (ED = -21.02 [-34.18, -7.67], p = 0.003), and accelerations (ED = -7.03 [-13.16, -0.73], p = 0.03) than set losers. Notably, when the score gap was narrow (0–5 points), set winners performed more explosive efforts and CODs than set losers (adjusted p = 0.0412 and 0.0499, respectively). However, as the score gap widened (6–10 and >10 points), set winners exhibited fewer explosive efforts and CODs (all adjusted p < 0.05). Furthermore, when the score gap exceeded 10 points, set winners demonstrated a lower player load, covered less distance, and performed fewer right-side CODs (all adjusted p < 0.05). These findings suggest that winners generally have a lower external load in men's singles badminton matches. However, when opponents are evenly matched, on-court movement may play a pivotal role in determining the outcome.

Key words: Badminton, external load, inertial measurement units, racket sports, performance


           Key Points
  • Winners generally have a lower external load in men's singles badminton matches.
  • Winners performed more explosive efforts and CODs than set losers when the score gap was narrow (0–5 points).
  • Player mobility may play a pivotal role in determining the outcome when opponents are evenly matched.
 
 
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