Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
ISSN: 1303 - 2968   
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©Journal of Sports Science and Medicine ( 2025 )  24 ,  626  -  633   DOI: https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2025.626

Research article
Differences in Mechanical Output between One Repetition Maximum- and Body Mass-Based Load Determination in The Behind-Neck Push Jerk
Yi-Chien Chiang1, Chieh-Ying Chiang2,3, , Timothy J. Suchomel4
Author Information
1 Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taiwan
2 Department of Sports Training Science-Combats, National Taiwan Sport University, Taiwan
3 Taiwan Institute of Sports Science, Taiwan
4 Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

Chieh-Ying Chiang
✉ Department of Sports Training Science-Combats, National Taiwan Sport University, No. 250, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan, Taoyuan 33301, Taiwan
Email: markchiang@ntsu.edu.tw
Publish Date
Received: 02-06-2025
Accepted: 09-07-2025
Published (online): 01-09-2025
Narrated in English
 
 
ABSTRACT

Body mass (BM) can be used to prescribe loads for some weightlifting derivatives, as an alternative to the one-repetition maximum (1RM). However, the effectiveness of this method has not been investigated in weightlifting overhead pressing derivatives. The primary aim of the study was to investigate the effect of loads determined with percentages of 1RM and BM on kinetic and kinematic characteristics in the behind-neck push jerk (BNPJ). Sixteen recreational male athletes were recruited and performed 3 repetitions of the BNPJ from 40% to 80% of their 1RM and BM, respectively. Two force plates were used to collect kinematic (peak velocity, mean velocity, phase time) and kinetic variables (peak force, mean force, peak power, mean power, and impulse) in the concentric phase. A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance assessed the interaction and the main effect (approaches and intensities) on the dependent variables. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. No significant interactions existed between the approaches and intensities in all variables. The main effect approach was not significant in all the kinematic variables, but significant intensity main effects were found. Significant approach and intensity main effects were found in all kinetic variables. All kinetic variables were greater in the 1RM-based approach compared to the BM-based approach. BM can serve as a practical alternative to 1RM for load prescription in the BNPJ when targeting kinematic characteristics. However, 1RM-based loading may be more suitable for maximizing kinetic outputs.

Key words: Weightlifting overhead pressing derivatives, strength and conditioning, overload, power output, biomechanics


           Key Points
  • Kinematic outputs are similar whether using 1RM or BM percentages for loads from 40% to 80% in the BNPJ.
  • 1RM-based loading generates greater kinetic outputs in the BNPJ compared to BM-based loading.
  • Prioritize 1RM-based loading for maximizing force and power; BM-based loading is an alternative for achieving similar kinematic (e.g. velocity) outputs.
 
 
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